Antenna Deployment for the Localization of Partial Discharges in Open-Air Substations

Robles, G.; Fresno, José Manuel; Sanchez-Fernandez, Matilde; Martínez-Tarifa, Juan Manuel

doi:10.3390/s16040541

Cited by 35 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(32 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The antenna layout affects the source location due to the different sensitivity in errors in the time differences of arrival [6]. In this paper, three commonly used antennas configurations (square, pyramid and trapezoidal) shown in Figure 1 have been analyzed.…”

Section: Antenna Layoutsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Influence of Antenna Positioning Errors on the Radio-Frequency Localization of Partial Discharge Sources

Fresno

Robles

Stewart

et al. 2016

Proceedings of the 3rd International Electronic Conference on Sensors and Applications, 15–30 November 2016; Availabl

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Electrical insulation can have imperfections due to manufacturing or ageing. When the insulation is electrically stressed, partial discharge (PD) pulses, with very fast rise-times and short-time durations, may occur. One of the consequences of charges being accelerated within the discharge is the emission of electromagnetic energy. The measurement of these emissions is widely used to identify defective insulation within high voltage equipment and help in predictive and planned maintenance in order to prevent sudden failure. The location of the source of the radiated PD signals may be determined using multi-lateration techniques using an array of at least four antennas. Depending on the relative position between the antennas and the PD source, the pulsed emissions from the PD source arrive at each antenna at different times. The relative time differences of arrivals (TDOA) together with the antenna positions are variables used to locate the PD source in 3D space. This paper investigates the accuracy of the location determination of the source as a consequence of systematic errors on the positioning of the antennas. These errors are analyzed for three different antenna array configurations and for different vector directions from the arrays. Additionally, the least sensitive layout in relation to antenna positioning errors is proposed to assist in improving the location accuracy of PD sources.

show abstract

Section: Antenna Layoutsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There may be many sources of errors related to the process of PD sources location [6]. For instance, the antenna layout and the relative positions of the antennas within the array in relation to the source affects the location accuracy [7,8], since some positions of the source are less sensitive than others to errors for any given array.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Antenna Positioning Errors on the Radio-Frequency Localization of Partial Discharge Sources

Fresno

Robles

Stewart

et al. 2016

Proceedings of the 3rd International Electronic Conference on Sensors and Applications, 15–30 November 2016; Availabl

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For the relatively short height of power equipment compared to the large horizontal distance, the substation is usually regarded as a two-dimensional space. Moreover, because the obstacles have a minor effect on the signal propagation, the substation is considered as a line-of-sight (LOS) environment in almost all published research; thus the TDOA equations are expressed as follows [4][5][6][8][9][10][11][12]:…”

Section: Coordinate Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Antenna Array Deployment for Partial Discharge Localization in Substations by Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization and Genetic Algorithm Method

Zhu

Chang

et al. 2018

Energies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A radio frequency antenna array was adopted to localize partial discharge (PD) sources in an entire substation. The deployment of an antenna array is a significant factor affecting the localization accuracy, and the array needs to be carefully selected. In this work, a hybrid method of particle swarm optimization (PSO) and a genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed to optimize the array deployment. A direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation algorithm applicable to arbitrary array configurations is firstly presented. The Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) was employed to evaluate the localization accuracy of different arrays, and two objective functions characterizing the estimation errors of coordinates and the DOA are proposed. With the goal of minimizing the objective functions, the array deployments for the coordinate and DOA localizations were optimized by using the hybrid PSO/GA algorithm. Using the developed method, optimal antenna configurations for different constraint areas, aspect ratios, and numbers of sensors were investigated. The results indicate that the optimal deployments for coordinate and DOA estimations are different; specifically speaking, superior DOA performance is achieved when all antennas are placed on the outer boundary of the constraint area while part of the antennas in the optimal coordinate array are placed in the middle position.

show abstract

“…Typically, the localization of PD sources using RF signals has been done through a system of 4 omnidirectional antennas [3]. The position of the receivers and TDOA of the pulses arriving to these sensors form a system of non-linear equations that can be solved to locate the emitter [4]. However, in the RF range the sampling frequencies ought to be high to have sufficient resolution so the acquisition systems have fairly high costs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planar Localization of Radio-Frequency or Acoustic Sources with Two Receivers

Fresno

Robles

Martínez-Tarifa

2017

The 4th International Electronic Conference on Sensors and Applications

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Spatial localization of emitting sources is especially interesting in different fields of application. The focus of an earthquake, the determination of cracks in solid structures or the position of bones inside a body are some examples of the use of multilateration techniques applied to acoustic and vibratory signals. Radar, GPS and wireless sensors networks location are based on radiofrequency emissions and the techniques are the same as in the case of acoustic emissions. This paper is focused on the determination of the position of sources of partial discharges inside electrical insulation for maintenance based on the condition of the electrical machine. The use of this phenomenon is a mere example of the capabilities of the proposed method because its emission can be electromagnetic in the UHF range or acoustic when the insulation is immersed in oil. Generally, when a pulse is radiated from a source, the wave will arrive to two receivers at different times. One of the advantages of measuring these time differences of arrival or TDOA is that it is not required a common clock as in other localization techniques based on the time of arrival (TOA) of the pulse to the receiver. With only two sensors, all the possible points in the plane that would give the same TDOA describe a hyperbola. Using an independent third receiver and calculating the intersection of the three hyperbolas will give the position of the source. Therefore, planar localization of emitters using multilateration techniques can be solved at least with three receivers. This paper presents a method to locate sources in a plane with only two receivers, one of them in a fixed position and the other is placed describing a circumference around the first one. The TDOA are measured at different angles completing a total turn and obtaining a function, angle versus TDOA, that has all the geometric information needed to locate the source. The paper will show how to derive this function analytically with two unknown parameters: the distance and bearing angle from the fixed receiver to the source. Then, it will be demonstrated that it is possible to fit the curve with experimental measurements of the TDOA to obtain the parameters of the position of the source.

show abstract

Antenna Deployment for the Localization of Partial Discharges in Open-Air Substations

Cited by 35 publications

References 20 publications

The Influence of Antenna Positioning Errors on the Radio-Frequency Localization of Partial Discharge Sources

The Influence of Antenna Positioning Errors on the Radio-Frequency Localization of Partial Discharge Sources

Optimization of Antenna Array Deployment for Partial Discharge Localization in Substations by Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization and Genetic Algorithm Method

Planar Localization of Radio-Frequency or Acoustic Sources with Two Receivers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About