Antecedents of depression in children and adolescents

Abstract

Depression in children and adolescents is a growing health problem in the 21st century. There is growing evidence that depression poses a significant risk in the developmental trajectory of children and adolescents. It is important to identify the antecedents of depression in this vulnerable group of individuals so as to develop specific and effective preventable techniques and strategies. In this brief review, we have tried to highlight the specific antecedents of childhood and adolescence depression on which evidence is available in a structured manner. Antecedents identified in childhood and adolescent depression were categorized into biological factors, temperament, cognitive vulnerability, family factors, sociodemographic factors, academic factors, changing social milieu, school factors, and peer group influence along with the emergence of the recentproblem of excessive social networking use. Biological and psychosocial factors are equally important in the development of depression in this age group. Antecedents of childhood and adolescence depression can be targeted both to prevent and intervene depression in this population.

Home, school, and community violence exposure and emotional and conduct problems among low-income adolescents: the moderating role of age and sex

“…In addition, low maternal education is associated with frequent physical abuse of adolescents aged 11-17 years [18] and with bullying victimization at school [19]. Social factors such as low parental education or having unemployed parents are likely to increase mental distress and increase the risk of depressive symptoms [20], while having a non-working mother (as a sign of greater financial deprivation) increases the risk for antisocial behavior among low-income adolescents [8]. Parental mental health problems are associated with conduct problems [6][7][8], and aggravation of maternal anxiety/depression over time has been shown to be a risk factor for the aggravation of mental health problems from childhood to adolescence [21].…”

Biological, Psychological, and Social Determinants of Depression: A Review of Recent Literature

“…genetic risk factors [ 15 ]) or population sub-group (ex. children and adolescents [ 16 ]) or focus on characteristics measured predominantly at the individual level (ex. focus on social support, history of depression [ 17 ]) without taking the wider context (ex.…”

Associação entre uso Nocivo das Redes Sociais e a Depressão em Adolescentes: Uma Revisão Sistemática / Association between the Harmful Use of Social Networks and Depression in Adolescents: A Systematic Review

“…A internet e as redes sociais trouxeram avanços para humanidade como melhorias na comunicação, na informação e no entretenimento, contudo uma parte dos seus usuários se enquadra em um uso problemático, principalmente das redes sociais que podem resultar em distúrbios mentais, em especial, a depressão (MEMON et al,2018;HUSSAIN;GRIFFITHS, 2018;SAIKIA et al, 2019;PANTIC, 2014;SAHOO;MALHOTRA, 2018;SAIKIA et al, 2019;MARINO et al, 2018).…”