Antagonizing the Spemann organizer: role of the homeobox gene Xvent-1.

Gawantka, Volker; Delius, Hajo; Hirschfeld, Kirsten; Blumenstock, Claudia; Niehrs, Christof

doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1995.tb00317.x

Cited by 316 publications

(213 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…In spite of the similar expression patterns, Neptune and other downstream factors have quite different activities when overexpressed in embryonic cells. As found in previous studies, vent-1/2 and msx-1/2 possess a ventralizing activity that suppresses the expression of organizer genes and disturbs the formation of head structures (Gawantka et al, 1995;Maeda et al, 1997). In contrast, injection of neptune mRNA into embryos resulted in the formation of a tail-like structure containing mesodermal tissues (Fig.…”

Section: Activity Of Neptune For Formation Of Posterior Structuressupporting

confidence: 59%

“…1B-D). This expression pattern is similar to the spatial expression pattern of BMP-4-driven target genes, such as vent-1, vent-2, msx-1, and msx-2 (Gawantka et al, 1995;Onichtochouk et al, 1996;Maeda et al, 1997;Suzuki et al, 1997;Su et al, 1991). In spite of the similar expression patterns, Neptune and other downstream factors have quite different activities when overexpressed in embryonic cells.…”

Section: Activity Of Neptune For Formation Of Posterior Structuressupporting

confidence: 55%

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Neptune is involved in posterior axis and tail formation in Xenopus embryogenesis

Takeda

Kurauchi

Yamazaki

et al. 2005

Developmental Dynamics

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In order to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the posterior axis and tail formation in embryogenesis, the function of Neptune, a zinc-finger transcription factor, in Xenopus laevis embryos was investigated. Injection of neptune mRNA into the animal pole area of embryos resulted in the formation of an additional tail structure that included a neural tube and muscle tissue. This activity required FGF signaling since coinjection of a dominant-negative FGF receptor RNA (XFD) completely blocked the formation of a tail structure. A loss-of-function experiment using a fusion construct of neptune and Drosophila engrailed (en-neptune) RNA showed that endogenous Neptune is necessary for formation of the posterior trunk and tail. Furthermore, activity of Neptune was necessary for the endogenous expression of brachyury and fgf-8 at the late gastrula stage. These findings demonstrate a novel function of Neptune in the process of anterior-posterior axis formation through the FGF and brachyury signaling cascades. An experiment using a combination explant with ventral and dorsal marginal tissues showed that cooperation of these two distinct tissues is important for the tail formation and that expression of Neptune in prospective ventral cells may be involved in the activation of the process of tail formation. Developmental Dynamics 234:63-73, 2005.

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Section: Activity Of Neptune For Formation Of Posterior Structuressupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Activity Of Neptune For Formation Of Posterior Structuressupporting

confidence: 55%

Neptune is involved in posterior axis and tail formation in Xenopus embryogenesis

Takeda

Kurauchi

Yamazaki

et al. 2005

Developmental Dynamics

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“…This mechanism is likely to operate for Vent gene activation in Xenopus and zebrafish early embryos. Vent2/Vent/Vox genes [117][118][119][120][121] are expressed in the ventrolateral region and are induced by Wnt8 [85,122]. Vent genes encode homeodomain transcription factors that antagonize dorsal genes to establish the ventroposterior embryonic domain [120,121,123].…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Target Gene Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wnt signaling through T-cell factor phosphorylation

Sokol

2011

Cell Res

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Embryonic signaling pathways often lead to a switch from default repression to transcriptional activation of target genes. A major consequence of Wnt signaling is stabilization of β-catenin, which associates with T-cell factors (TCFs) and 'converts' them from repressors into transcriptional activators. The molecular mechanisms responsible for this conversion remain poorly understood. Several studies have reported on the regulation of TCF by phosphorylation, yet its physiological significance has been unclear: in some cases it appears to promote target gene activation, in others Wnt-dependent transcription is inhibited. This review focuses on recent progress in the understanding of contextdependent post-translational regulation of TCF function by Wnt signaling.

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“…Other proteins were identified in only one or two cell types (see Figure 3 A), such as Gem and Ism in D11, Sox9 in V11, and Vent1 in V21. Results from independent studies corroborate these findings: Vtg is ubiquitous in the embryo and proteins such as Gapdh are involved in basic cell energy production; Gem and Ism participate in neuronal development,21 agreeing with the main fate of D11 blastomeres;16 Sox9 is involved in neural crest development, one of the fates of V11 blastomeres;16 and Vent1 is linked to the formation of the proctodeum,22 consistent with the reproducible hindgut fate of V21 16. Gene ontology annotation suggests that the identified proteins principally orchestrate metabolic processes, transport, and cell organization in various subcellular locations, including the cytoplasm, nucleus, and membrane (Figure 3 B).…”

mentioning

confidence: 76%

Single‐Cell Mass Spectrometry for Discovery Proteomics: Quantifying Translational Cell Heterogeneity in the 16‐Cell Frog (Xenopus) Embryo

2016

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We advance mass spectrometry from a cell population‐averaging tool to one capable of quantifying the expression of diverse proteins in single embryonic cells. Our instrument combines capillary electrophoresis (CE), electrospray ionization, and a tribrid ultrahigh‐resolution mass spectrometer (HRMS) to enable untargeted (discovery) proteomics with ca. 25 amol lower limit of detection. CE‐μESI‐HRMS enabled the identification of 500–800 nonredundant protein groups by measuring 20 ng, or <0.2% of the total protein content in single blastomeres that were isolated from the 16‐cell frog (Xenopus laevis) embryo, amounting to a total of 1709 protein groups identified between n=3 biological replicates. By quantifying ≈150 nonredundant protein groups between all blastomeres and replicate measurements, we found significant translational cell heterogeneity along multiple axes of the embryo at this very early stage of development when the transcriptional program of the embryo has yet to begin.

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Antagonizing the Spemann organizer: role of the homeobox gene Xvent-1.

Abstract: We have identified a novel homeobox gene, that

Cited by 316 publications

References 62 publications

Neptune is involved in posterior axis and tail formation in Xenopus embryogenesis

Neptune is involved in posterior axis and tail formation in Xenopus embryogenesis

Wnt signaling through T-cell factor phosphorylation

Single‐Cell Mass Spectrometry for Discovery Proteomics: Quantifying Translational Cell Heterogeneity in the 16‐Cell Frog (Xenopus) Embryo

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