Antagonistic Salt Action in Relation to the Swelling and Dyeing of Powdered Agar

Prát, Silvestr

doi:10.2307/2435727

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Water swelling of agar increases when placed in salt solutions such as potassium chloride, sodium chloride, and calcium chloride. However, this effect decreases when these salts are used in two or three salt combinations . Higher amounts of water can be absorbed from the bitumen surface, and higher amounts of salt which is dissolved in water can reach bitumen surface when agar and potassium coexist.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this effect decreases when these salts are used in two or three salt combinations. 38 Higher amounts of water can be absorbed from the bitumen surface, and higher amounts of salt which is dissolved in water can reach bitumen surface when agar and potassium coexist. The possibility for the better transport of salt to the bitumen surface in the presence of agar was also verified by freezing experiments, in which samples with agar in the composite had increased freezing delay on the composite-modified bitumen surface (Figure 8).…”

Section: Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Gelation-Stabilized Functional Composite-Modified Bitumen for Anti-icing Purposes

Aydın¹,

Kizilel²,

Canıaz³

et al. 2015

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ionic salts as anti-icing agents have been extensively used to eliminate accumulation of ice on asphalt surfaces. However, salt can be easily removed by rain or automobiles and requires frequent application on roads. Besides this economic consideration, anti-icing agents compromise the mechanical properties of asphalt and have a negative impact on living organisms and the environment when used in large amounts. Incorporation of hydrophilic salts into bitumen, a hydrophobic asphalt binder, and controlled release of specific molecules from this hydrophobic medium can provide an effective solution for reducing ice formation on pavements. Bitumen has previously been modified by various polymers, including styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) for improved strength and thermomechanical properties. However, an anti-icing function was not considered in those previous designs. In a previous study, we developed a functional polymer composite consisting of potassium formate (HCOOK) salt pockets dissolved in a hydrophilic gel medium and dispersed in a hydrophobic SBS polymer matrix. Here, we developed an innovative method to obtain polymer composite-modified bitumen and investigated further the anti-icing properties of the functional bitumen. We improved incorporation of this polymer composite into bitumen and demonstrated proper distribution of the composite within bitumen through morphological and rheological analysis. We characterized the anti-icing properties of modified bitumen surfaces and demonstrated significant increases in freezing delay of composite-modified bitumen compared to base bitumen in a temperature- and humidity-controlled chamber. In addition, we characterized the release of HCOOK salt from polymer composite-modified bitumen and observed salt release within the range of 1.07–10.8% (w/w) in 67 days, depending on the composite content. The results demonstrate the potential of this polymer composite-modified bitumen for anti-icing functionality and for industrially relevant applications.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%