Antagonistic effect of zinc oxide nanoparticle and surfactant on anaerobic digestion: Focusing on the microbial community changes and interactive mechanism

Impact of metallic nanoparticles on anaerobic digestion: A systematic review

“…On the contrary, it was reported to have slightly stimulating effects on protein solubilisation (Zhang et al, 2017). At low concentrations (1mM), though the addition of nano-ZnO gave adverse effects on anaerobic digestion treated model organic wastes, such as a longer lag phase and biogas production period, as well as reduction of maximum daily methane production rate to around half of the control (Zhu et al, 2019). In addition, the AD system can overcome the antagonistic impacts by either absorbing the nanoparticles with organics followed by precipitation, or changing the surface charge of nano-ZnO to neutral or negative.…”

“…In addition, the AD system can overcome the antagonistic impacts by either absorbing the nanoparticles with organics followed by precipitation, or changing the surface charge of nano-ZnO to neutral or negative. Therefore, after a short (2 days) hinder period the AD system became stable with a slight increase (2.19%) in final methane production (Zhu et al, 2019). Beyond this tolerate concentration, the addition of nano-ZnO blocked the AD process completely due to the change of archaeal community structure and VFA accumulation .…”

“…6 illustrates the differences between reported tolerate concentrations for both research interests, while all the units for dosage concentration are converted into mg/L. Of notice, the reported tolerate concentration of nano-ZnO still led to adverse effects on the methane-production stage and overall AD process (Zhu et al, 2019), thereby the actual tolerate concentration of nano-ZnO was much lower than 1mM.…”

Impact of in vitro digested zinc oxide nanoparticles on intestinal model systems

“…Due to their advantageous properties, enormous amounts of nanoparticles (NP) are produced and extensively applied each year, which leads to a steady rise in the discharge to the ecological system [ 1 ]. In particular, the food sector offers comprehensive application areas for NP, for instance in food packaging materials, as nano-pesticides, and other food-related products [ 2 ].…”

“…During the last few years, the environmental behaviour and bio-toxicity of NP and especially ZnO NP have gained increasing attention [ 1 , 7 , 9 ]. Meanwhile, there are some concerns about the potential toxicity induced by NP used in the food sector [ 2 ].…”