Antagonism of Fresh Fat to the Toxicity of Heated and Aerated Cottonseed Oil

Kaunitz, Hans; Slanetz, Charles A.; Johnson, Ruth E.

doi:10.1093/jn/55.4.577

Cited by 46 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Since Kaunitz, Slanetz and Johnson (1955a) produced the rat toxicity factor by aeration and heating of refined cottonseed oil, a trial was initiated to compare the effect of hydraulic process crude cottonseed oil with the effect of "winterized" hydraulic process crude cottonseed oil, solvent process crude cottonseed oil, refined cottonseed oil and "heated" refined cottonseed oil on hatchability. The results of this experiment (trial 3) show that the hydraulic process crude cottonseed oil depressed hatchability to 44% and 17% during the 5th and 6th weeks of the trial.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Working with albino rats, Kaunitz, Slanetz and Johnson (1955a) found that the dietary inclusion of 15 to 20% of refined cottonseed oil (Wesson Oil), which had been aerated and heated to 95 degrees centigrade for 200 to 300 hours, led to a rapid loss in weight and death within 3 weeks. Fresh oil was found to counteract the toxicity of the heated and aerated oil.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Studies on a Hatchability Depressing Factor in Cottonseed Oil

Naber¹,

Morgan²

1957

Poultry Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on a Hatchability Depressing Factor in Cottonseed Oil

Naber¹,

Morgan²

1957

Poultry Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…1960; Matsuo 1976). Rats fed cottonseed oil oxidized to 191 mEq oxygen/kg gained less weight than did the controls (Kaunitz et al. 1955).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oxidized fats and oils are toxic, as revealed by general toxicity, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity tests (Crampton et al 1951;Kaneda andIshii 1952, 1953;Kaunitz et al 1955Kaunitz et al , 1959Kaunitz et al , 1965Raju and Rajagopalan 1955;Andrews et al 1960;Tovar and Kaneda 1977;Esterbauer 1993;Lamboni et al 1998). There are two lines of research concerning studies on the toxicity of oxidized fats and oils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subacute Toxicity of Mildly Oxidized Instant Noodles in Mice

Gotoh

Watanabe

Osato

et al. 2008

Journal of Food Lipids

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A 28‐day sub‐acute toxicity test using moderately oxidized fats and oils (peroxide value [PV] 85.0–334.7 mEq oxygen/kg) extracted from deteriorated instant noodles was performed in mice to evaluate general toxicity. Toxicity was evaluated by general behavior, survival rate, clinical hematology, clinical chemistry, organ weights, changes in body weight and histopathologic examination. None of the mice died due to the toxicity of the oxidized fats and oils. Fats and oils oxidized to at least 300 mEq oxygen/kg attenuated weight gain compared with the control mice, but mice fed fats and oils oxidized to less than 150 mEq oxygen/kg gained weight similar to the control mice. Thus, fats and oils oxidized to approximately 300 mEq oxygen/kg induce general toxicity, but are not lethal. In contrast, liver weight and blood cholesterol levels tended to increase in all test oil groups. Thus, body function is affected by even mildly oxidized fats and oils (100 mEq oxygen/kg); hence, ingestion of degraded foods should be avoided. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Japan had a food poisoning epidemic caused by the degradation of fats and oils in instant noodles about 40 years ago. The peroxide value of the oxidized fats and oils in the degraded noodles ranged from 100 to 1,000 mEq oxygen/kg. According to the detailed investigation of the degraded noodles, the Ministry of Health and Welfare, currently the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare in Japan, set the standards in the Food Sanitation Law to protect against food poisoning and to control the quality of instant noodles. Recently, there was a movement to set a standard for instant noodles in the Codex Alimentarius Commission. Probably, food standards for other kinds of lipid‐containing foods might be prepared in the Codex Alimentarius Commission in the near future. General toxicity tests have so far focused on highly oxidized fats and oils (>400 mEq oxygen/kg) and have not considered the moderately oxidized products (<400 mEq oxygen/kg). Therefore, general toxicity testing on the moderately oxidized fats and oils was carried out, and the results can provide new information when new food standards containing fats and oils are prepared.

show abstract

“…Plant sterols compete with cholesterol for limited intestinaJ absorptive surface and may prevent absorption of cholesterol but in rabbits are absorbed to the extent of 0.1 to 1.0 per cent and appear in atheromatous plaques (43). Rancid fats with high iodine numbers and high degrees of polymerization are very toxic to rats (44,45). Fats fed to chronically malnourished children are well absorbed, and do not cause steatorrheic diarrhea (46).…”

Section: Fats and Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%