Answers to the Medical Quiz

Abstract

Answers to the Medical Quiz Marwa Almeslemani, Umesh J Nabar A1. The name of the X-ray view is anteroposterior plain chest radiograph. A2. There is hyperlucency over mid and lower zones of the right lung. A band-like soft tissue density was oriented horizontally below the right clavicle coursing towards right arm. The lung fields were essentially clear. Azygos fissure could be seen, pleural cavities were clear, heart and aorta were normal, diaphragm and bony thorax were normal but right axillary fold was absent. A3. Congenital absence of the sternocostal head of the right pectoralis muscle. DISCUSSION The patient is having congenital absence of the sternocostal head of the right pectoralis muscle as seen in the radiograph. However, on clinical examination, he was noted to have flat right breast with flat atrophic nipple and areola with absent right axillary fold and a high horizontal fold. This confirms the diagnosis of Poland's syndrome. Alfred Poland in 1841 described an anomaly which includes partial or complete absence of pectoralis along with ipsilateral hand anomalies 1. The incidence varies in various studies 1. Right side of the body is affected three times more than the left 2 .