Answering Autobiographical Questions: The Impact of Memory and Inference on Surveys

Bradburn, Norman M.; Rips, Lance J.; Shevell, Steven K.

doi:10.1126/science.3563494

Cited by 1,004 publications

(670 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Furthermore, unlike the development of excess adiposity, dieting and LOC eating both involve actively engaging in specific behaviors and the mean age of our sample was quite close to the reported onset ages of these investigated phenomena. Research has shown that time is related to the accuracy of recall because the more recently an event occurred (within the past 2-3 years), the easier it is to recall (Bradburn, Rips, & Shevell, 1987). Finally, our use of the semistructured interview format to query participants, a methodology recommended to enhance recall (Brewin et al, 1993), coupled with detailed probing to anchor children's recall to specific time frames (e.g., first dieting attempt and surrounding context), increases the likelihood that onset ages of these variables were accurately reported relative to one another.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The perceived onset of dieting and loss of control eating behaviors in overweight children

Tanofsky‐Kraff

Faden

Yanovski

et al. 2005

Int. J. Eat. Disord.

141

115

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Objective-The current study investigated the self-reported temporal relationships of dieting, binge eating, and overweight in childhood.Method-One hundred five non-treatment-seeking overweight children ages 6-13 years were interviewed with the children's Eating Disorder Examination (ChEDE) and queried regarding dieting, loss of control (LOC) eating, and overweight history. Questionnaires of depressive symptoms, trait anxiety, and parent-reported problems were completed.Results-Sixty percent of the children reported having attempted at least one diet. These children had higher ChEDE scores (global, p < .001), greater body mass index (BMI) and body fat mass (p ≤ .001), and a trend towards an earlier reported age of overweight onset (p = .06) compared with children who had never dieted. The 29.5% of children who reported LOC eating had significantly higher ChEDE scores (global, p < .001), ineffectiveness, negative self-esteem, and externalizing scores (all ps < .05) compared with those who had never experienced LOC eating. Most children reported becoming overweight before either dieting (79.4%) or experiencing LOC eating (63.6%). Among the 25.7% reporting both dieting and LOC eating, two thirds reported LOC eating before dieting. Participants who reported dieting before overweight had higher negative mood scores (p < . 01). Children reporting dieting before LOC eating had higher ChEDE Weight Concern (p < .01) and global (p < .05) scores.Discussion-For overweight, non-treatment-seeking children, both dieting and LOC eating are common. Dieting precedes the development of LOC eating only one third of the time, but is associated with greater disordered eating cognitions. The relationship between childhood-onset dieting and LOC eating in overweight children requires further investigation to determine the causal pathways for the subsequent development of eating disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The perceived onset of dieting and loss of control eating behaviors in overweight children

Tanofsky‐Kraff

Faden

Yanovski

et al. 2005

Int. J. Eat. Disord.

141

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, a retrospective design using a long follow-up period and self-reported data may have an increased chance of recall bias. 12,13 In addition, there were a large number of non-responders in which selective attrition/response could affect findings of the study. 14 Amatachaya et al 5 prospectively assessed falls over 6 months after discharge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Falls in independent ambulatory patients with spinal cord injury: incidence, associated factors and levels of ability

2012

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Study Design: A 6-month retrospective study. Objectives: To investigate incidence and factors associated with falls in independent ambulatory patients with spinal cord injury (SCI), and to compare levels of ability in those with and without a history of falls. Setting: A tertiary rehabilitation center and community hospitals. Methods:Seventy-seven independent ambulatory subjects with SCI were interviewed for fall data during 6 months before participation in the study. Subjects were also assessed for their functional ability using the timed up and go test (TUGT) and the 6-min walk test (6MinWT). Results: Twenty-six subjects (34%) reported falls during 6 months (range 1-6 times). After falls, two subjects required medical attention due to wrist joint fracture and back pain. Walking without a walking device significantly increased the risk of fall, whereas using a walker significantly reduced the risk of fall (Po0.05). Moreover, faller subjects showed significantly better levels of ability than the non-faller subjects (Po0.005 for the TUGT and Po0.05 for the 6MinWT).Conclusion: Approximately one-third of the independent ambulatory subjects with SCI experienced falls. Notably, faller subjects had better functional ability than the non-faller subjects. Thus, apart from emphasizing the ability to walk independently, rehabilitation professionals may need to seek strategies that improve balance and safety.

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“…Basically, the gambling becomes a necessity to access the environment's positive benefits (warmth, food, drink) rather than because the homeless person wants to 6 necessarily gamble. Furthermore, given the high proportion of homeless individuals that have alcohol and/or drug problems (as evidence above) there are also issues concerning their ability to competently complete 'paper and pencil' surveys given that the answering of questions relies on many facets of both long-term and short-term memory (Bradburn, Rips & Shevell, 1987;Presser, Couper, Lessler, et al, 2004). Therefore, high caution should be attached to data that may have been collected while the homeless person may have been in an intoxicating state due to alcohol and/or other drugs.…”

Section: Problem Gambling and Homelessness: Methodsological Problems Amentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between Gambling and Homelessness: A Commentary on Sharman et al. (2014)

Griffiths

2014

J Gambl Stud

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The relationship between problem gambling and homelessness is a little studied area in the gambling studies field. A recent study in the Journal of Gambling Studies by Sharman, Dreyer, et al (2014) is the first quantitative study in Great Britain on this interesting and important topic. In this context, the study is to be commended and provides an empirical benchmark on which other studies can build. The study reported a problem gambling prevalence rate of 11.6% and is significantly higher than the problem gambling rate of the general population in Great Britain (which is less than 1%). However, given the political sensitivity surrounding the expansion of bookmakers in the UK, the study needs further contextualization otherwise the findings of such studies may be used by anti-gambling lobby groups to serve their own political agendas. While it is good that such an area has been empirically investigated in Great Britain, this paper briefly (i) places the issue of problem gambling among the homeless into the wider context of problems among the homeless more generally (particularly in relation to mental health problems and other addictive behaviors), (ii) highlights some of the methodological problems and weaknesses of the study, and (iii) notes a number of factual errors made in the paper.

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Answering Autobiographical Questions: The Impact of Memory and Inference on Surveys

Cited by 1,004 publications

References 36 publications

The perceived onset of dieting and loss of control eating behaviors in overweight children

The perceived onset of dieting and loss of control eating behaviors in overweight children

Falls in independent ambulatory patients with spinal cord injury: incidence, associated factors and levels of ability

The Relationship Between Gambling and Homelessness: A Commentary on Sharman et al. (2014)

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