Anserine and carnosine supplementation in the elderly: Effects on cognitive functioning and physical capacity

Szczęśniak, Dorota; Budzeń, Sandra; Kopeć, Wiesław; Rymaszewska, Joanna

doi:10.1016/j.archger.2014.04.008

Cited by 86 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Therefore, dietary intake of carnosine may accumulate carnosine in the body including the brain, and may be effective for the prevention of VD. Szcześniak et al reported that conducted carnosine and anserine supplementation in the elderly brings promising effects on cognitive functioning of participants [81]. Carnosine may also be useful for the drugs for the treatment of established VD.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carnosine: A Possible Drug for Vascular Dementia

Kawahara¹

2014

J Vasc Med Surg

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Carnosine (β-alanyl histidine) is a small dipeptide with numerous beneficial effects, including the maintenance of the acid-base balance, antioxidant, chelating, anti-crosslinking, and anti-glycation activities in the living organism. High levels of carnosine are found in the skeletal muscles and in the brain. We have found that carnosine inhibits Zn2+-induced neuronal death, which plays acrucial role in the pathogenesis of vascular dementia. Our previous research demonstrated that carnosine participates in the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)-stress pathway in Zninduced neurotoxicity and we have applied for a patent related to drugs for Vascular Dementia (VD). Here, we review the roles of carnosine in VD and otherneuro degenerative diseases and discuss perspectives about the future therapeutic use ofthis dipeptide.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carnosine: A Possible Drug for Vascular Dementia

Kawahara¹

2014

J Vasc Med Surg

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“…While the interpretation of this curious observation in very uncertain, it does at least indicate some structure-function relationship with respect to brain response to the peptides. In humans, carnosine supplementation has been found to enhance cognition and/or well-being in at least five studies [1,[44][45][46][47]. Dietary supplementation with carnosine provoked beneficial effects on behaviour in autistic children [44], and improved cognitive function in patients suffering from Gulf War Illness [45], schizophrenia [46], and chronic heart failure [1]; the latter group also reported a significantly improvement in their quality of life [1].…”

Section: Carnosine Supplementation Affects Brain Function In Chickensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dietary supplementation with carnosine provoked beneficial effects on behaviour in autistic children [44], and improved cognitive function in patients suffering from Gulf War Illness [45], schizophrenia [46], and chronic heart failure [1]; the latter group also reported a significantly improvement in their quality of life [1]. A recent study has shown that carnosine plus anserine supplementation improved cognitive function and physical capacity in elderly humans [47]. These findings provide evidence that carnosine supplementation has therapeutic potential in humans, despite the presence of carnosinase which might be expected to counteract any efficacy that the dipeptide might elicit.…”

Section: Carnosine Supplementation Affects Brain Function In Chickensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has however been shown that raised levels of kidney carnosinase does increase the probability of diabetic kidney disease in type-2 diabetics [34], which is probably due to increased destruction of the dipeptide. Nevertheless the fact that beneficial effects of carnosine supplementation have been detected in humans [1,[44][45][46][47] suggests that carnosinase activity is not necessarily an impediment to the dipeptide's efficacy in all cases.…”

Section: Carnosine Supplementation Affects Brain Function In Chickensmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Possible Benefit of Dietary Carnosine towards Depressive Disorders

Hipkiss¹

2014

aging dis

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Many stress-related and depressive disorders have been shown to be associated with one or more of the following; shortened telomeres, raised cortisol levels and increased susceptibility to age-related dysfunction. It is suggested here that insufficient availability of the neurological peptide, carnosine, may provide a biochemical link between stress-and depression-associated phenomena: there is evidence that carnosine can enhance cortisol metabolism, suppress telomere shortening and exert anti-aging activity in model systems. Dietary supplementation with carnosine has been shown to suppress stress in animals, and improve behaviour, cognition and well-being in human subjects. It is therefore proposed that the therapeutic potential of carnosine dietary supplementation towards stress-related and depressive disorders should be examined.Key words: carnosine, telomeres, human, diet, supplementation, depression, cognition, stress, cortisol, aging A recent paper [1] has shown that supplementation of human diets with carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine), a naturally-occurring neurobiological peptide, can provoke beneficial effects on exercise performance and quality of life. Another recent paper [2] has shown that major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with reduced telomere length, increased susceptibility towards agerelated dysfunction and raised cortisol levels in response to stress, while two other recent papers have described an association between decreased leukocyte telomere length and stress-associated disorders [3,4]. It is objective of the present communication to suggest that (i) carnosine insufficiency could provide a link between stress and depression-associated phenomena and age-related dysfunction, and (ii) carnosine may possess therapeutic potential towards depression and stress-associated disorders when administered as a dietary supplement. Carnosine and agingCarnosine is a normal constituent of brain and muscle. In the brain carnosine is synthesized by and secreted from astrocytes: it is degraded to its constituent amino acids by either cellular carnosinase (CNDP1) or serum carnosinase (CNDP2), whose activities in the brain possibly increase in old age [5]. Carnosine and related peptides such as anserine and balenine can also be obtained via carnivorous diets but are absent from strict vegetarian diets.Although characterized more than a century ago [6], the "true" function of carnosine remains elusive, thus the dipeptide has been described as enigmatic [7]. Evidence from animal and model studies suggests that carnosine is multifunctional. Cell culture studies show that carnosine can inhibit growth of transformed cells [8][9][10], delay

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“…그러나 최근 건강기능식품이 확대되면 서 육류에서도 고품질 측면을 선호하는 추세로 나가고 있어 일반 육계보다 재래닭을 선호하는 경향이 나타나고 있다 (Park et al, 2009). 또한 닭고기의 생리활성 기능에 대한 관 심이 높아지고 있으며, 항산화 작용, 자유라디칼 및 금속이 온 제거능 (Chan and Deckor, 1994;Wu et al, 2003;Schmid 2009) 외에도 최근 질병 및 노화와 관련된 반응에 직접적으 로 관여한다고 알려져 있다 (Hipkiss et al, 2001;Tomonaga et al, 2008;Szczesniak et al, 2014 (Li et al, 2012;Szczesniak et al, 2014).…”

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