Anosmia Following Head Trauma: Preliminary Study of Steroid Treatment.

Posttraumatic olfactory dysfunction

“…In the short-term vasoconstrictor decongestant use can help to mitigate the effects of mucosal edema, as can simple nasal saline rinses. Intranasal saline rinses can also provide long-term benefit as can the use of nasal corticosteroid sprays commonly used in the management of nasal allergy or sinusitis [65,66]. When this fails, or in cases of obvious structural derangement of nasoseptal bone or cartilage, surgical intervention may be necessary to restore proper airflow to the olfactory epithelium.…”

Dysosmies et dysgueusies post-traumatiques : aspects médicolégaux

“…Le nombre d'odeurs à tester ne doit pas dépasser quatre à cinq en respectant un temps de latence (fatigue olfactive) [9]. L'olfactométrie subjective, basée sur les réflexes olfacto-végétatifs, évalue qualitativement l'importance de la perte sensorielle [10]. Elle n'est pas de pratique courante, tout comme l'électro-encéphalo-graphie olfactive [11], la photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) ou l'IRM fonctionnelle cérébrale [12].…”

The effect of olfactory training on odor identification in patients with traumatic anosmia

“…There is no standard treatment for patients with posttraumatic olfactory loss . A few drugs such as steroids, zinc, and minocycline have been used to treat posttraumatic olfactory dysfunction; however, the effectiveness of these regimens is inconclusive . In our previous study, the phenyl ethyl alcohol (PEA) threshold improved in 16.4% of patients with posttraumatic olfactory loss after a course of high‐dose oral prednisolone (1 mg/kg) .…”

“…These include shearing of olfactory fibers at the cribriform plate, mechanical nasal obstruction, and central brain trauma . Although approximately one‐third of patients with posttraumatic olfactory loss might have olfactory function recovered spontaneously, the prognosis is generally poor …”