Anomalously fast convergence of India and Eurasia caused by double subduction

Jagoutz, Oliver; Royden, L.; Holt, Adam; Becker, T. W.

doi:10.1038/ngeo2418

Cited by 229 publications

(219 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The presence of a passive margin to the south of the NeoTethys Ocean and a double subduction to the north is also consistent with tomographic information ( [46][47] and with the high Indian Plate velocity (e.g. [3]). …”

Section: The Plate Tectonic Modelsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…[1][2][3]), the general migration of the subcontinent is established since the advent of the Plate Tectonics Theory [4]. Moreover, the definition of sea-floor magnetic anomalies in the Indian Ocean ( [5][6]; and also [7][8]) has convincingly constrained the palaeo-position of the subcontinent though time, although information from the Argo Abyssal Plain (North-West of Australia) remains an issue ( Fig.1 & 2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Indian Promontory: A Bridge between Plate Tectonics and Life Evolution Models

Vérard¹,

Stampfli²,

Borel³

et al. 2017

ujg

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Section: The Plate Tectonic Modelsupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Indian Promontory: A Bridge between Plate Tectonics and Life Evolution Models

Vérard¹,

Stampfli²,

Borel³

et al. 2017

ujg

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“…Although many of the experiments failed to 526 reproduce present-day arrangements of continents (such as predicting a problematic fit of 527 Antarctica with South America), one aspect of the models reproduced the approximate present 528 position of India and highlights the requirement of long-lived subduction along southern Eurasia 529 since Pangea breakup (Yoshida and Hamano, 2015). When considering the motion of India towards 530 Eurasia, the anomalously high velocities (more than 14 cm/yr) of India between ~80 and 65 Ma can 531 be modelled numerically through a viscous coupling mechanism between two simultaneous north-532 dipping subduction zones in the Neo-Tethys prior to India-Eurasia collision (Jagoutz et al, 2015). 533…”

Section: Numerical Modelling Of Tethyan Geodynamics 445 446mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tectonic evolution and deep mantle structure of the eastern Tethys since the latest Jurassic

Zahirovic

Matthews

Flament

et al. 2016

Earth-Science Reviews

182

225

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The breakup of Pangea in the Jurassic saw the opening of major ocean basins at the expense of older Tethyan and Pacific oceanic plates. Although the Tethyan seafloor spreading history has been lost to subduction, proxy indicators from multiple generations of Tethyan ribbon terranes, as well as the active margin geological histories of volcanism and ophiolite obduction events can be used to reconstruct these ancient oceanic plates. The plate reconstructions presented in this study reconcile observations from ocean basins and the onshore geological record to provide a regional synthesis, embedded in a global plate motion model, of the IndiaEurasia convergence history, the accretionary growth of Southeast Asia and the Tethyan-Pacific tectonic link through the New Guinea margin. The global plate motion model presented in this study captures the timedependent evolution of plates and their tectonic boundaries since 160 Ma, which are assimilated as surface boundary conditions for numerical experiments of mantle convection. We evaluate subducted slab locations and geometries predicted by forward mantle flow models against P-and S-wave seismic tomography models. This approach harnesses modern plate reconstruction techniques, mantle convection models with imposed one-sided subduction, and constraints from the surface geology to address a number of unresolved Tethyan geodynamic controversies. Our synthesis reveals that north-dipping subduction beneath Eurasia in the latest Jurassic consumed the Meso-Tethys, and suggests that northward slab pull opened the younger Neo-Tethyan ocean basin from ~ 155 Ma. We model the rifting of ' Argoland', representing the East Java and West Sulawesi continental fragments, as a northward transfer of continental terranes in the latest Jurassic from the northwest Australian shelf -likely colliding first with parts of the Woyla intra-oceanic arc in the mid-Cretaceous, and accreting to the Borneo (Sundaland) core by ~ 80 Ma. The Neo-Tethyan ridge was likely consumed along an intra-oceanic subduction zone south of Eurasia from ~ 105 Ma, leading to a major change in the motion of the Indian Plate by ~ 100 Ma, as observed in the Wharton Basin fracture zone bends. We investigate the geodynamic consequences of long-lived intra-oceanic subduction within the Neo-Tethys, requiring a twostage India-Eurasia collision involving first contact between Greater India and the Kohistan-Ladakh Arc sometime between ~ 60 and 50 Ma, followed by continent-continent collision from ~ 47 Ma. Our models suggest that the Sunda slab kink beneath northwest Sumatra in the mantle transition zone results from the rotation and extrusion of Indochina from ~ 30 Ma. Our results are also the first to reproduce the enigmatic Proto South China Sea slab beneath northern Borneo, as well as the Tethyan/Woyla slab that is predicted at mid-mantle depths south of Sumatra. Further east, our revised reconstructions of the New Guinea margin, notably the evolution of the Sepik composite terrane and the Maramuni subduction zone, produce...

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“…ago (Lee and Lawver, 1995;Müller et al, 2008;Capitanio et al, 2010a). It has been suggested that these fast motions are due to: plate avalanching into the lower mantle (Goes et al, 2008), to the setting up of a whole mantle convection circulation, as opposed to upper-mantle confined cells (Becker and Faccenna, 2011;Faccenna et al, 2013), and for India, the push of the Reunion plume and consequent lowering of asthenospheric viscosities below the plate (Cande and Stegman, 2011;van Hinsbergen et al, 2011), a pull by double subduction (Jagoutz et al, 2015) or the removal of the Indian cratonic keel (Kumar et al, 2007), or the interplay of several of these factors (Zahirovic et al, 2015).…”

Section: Plate Motionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subduction-transition zone interaction: A review

et al. 2017

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Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. ABSTRACTAs subducting plates reach the base of the upper mantle, some appear to flatten and stagnate, while others seemingly go through unimpeded. This variable resistance to slab sinking has been proposed to affect long-term thermal and chemical mantle circulation. A review of observational constraints and dynamic models highlights that neither the increase in viscosity between upper and lower mantle (likely by a factor 20-50) nor the coincident endothermic phase transition in the main mantle silicates (with a likely Clapeyron slope of -1 to -2 MPa/K) suffice to stagnate slabs. However, together the two provide enough resistance to temporarily stagnate subducting plates, if they subduct accompanied by significant trench retreat. Older, stronger plates are more capable of inducing trench retreat, explaining why backarc spreading and flat slabs tend to be associated with old-plate subduction. Slab viscosities that are ~2 orders of magnitude higher than background mantle (effective yield stresses of 100-300 MPa) lead to similar styles of deformation as those revealed by seismic tomography and slab earthquakes. None of the current transition-zone slabs seem to have stagnated there more than 60 m.y. Since modeled slab destabilization takes more than 100 m.y., lower-mantle entry is apparently usually triggered (e.g., by changes in plate buoyancy). Many of the complex morphologies of lower-mantle slabs can be the result of sinking and subsequent deformation of originally stagnated slabs, which can retain flat morphologies in the top of the lower mantle, fold as they sink deeper, and eventually form bulky shapes in the deep mantle.

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Anomalously fast convergence of India and Eurasia caused by double subduction

Cited by 229 publications

References 28 publications

The Indian Promontory: A Bridge between Plate Tectonics and Life Evolution Models

The Indian Promontory: A Bridge between Plate Tectonics and Life Evolution Models

Tectonic evolution and deep mantle structure of the eastern Tethys since the latest Jurassic

Subduction-transition zone interaction: A review

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