ANOMALOUS ORIGIN OF THE LEFT VERTEBRAL ARTERY. Origen anómalo de la arteria vertebral izquierda

Abstract

Las variaciones de los principales vasos arteriales son de importancia clínica. La arteria vertebral (VA) normalmente surge de la arteria subclavia. El presente informe describe un origen anómalo de la arteria vertebral izquierda (LVA) desde el arco aórtico entre el origen de la subclavia izquierda y la arteria carótida común izquierda. Esta arteria cruzó superficialmente de medial a lateral el tronco simpático izquierdo. La VA izquierda y derecha entraban en los agujeros transversos de la quinta vértebra cervical. Aunque el origen anómalo de la VA es bien conocida, su origen y la entrada a través del foramen transversal y sus relaciones con tronco simpático son de importancia clínica y durante los procedimientos vasculares en la región de cabeza y cuello tales como los stent de arteria carótida o vertebral y las intervenciones intracraneales. Variations of major arterial vessels are of clinical significance. The vertebral artery (VA) normally arises from the subclavian artery. The present report describes an anomalous origin of the left vertebral artery (LVA) from the aortic arch between the origin of the left subclavian and the left common carotid arteries. This artery was crossed superficially from medial to lateral by the left sympathetic trunk. The left and right VA entered the foramen on the transverse process of the fifth cervical vertebra. Though the anomalous origin of the VA is known, its origin and entry through the transverse foramen and its relations with sympathetic trunk are of importance during clinical and vascular procedures in the head and neck region like carotid artery stents, VA stents and intracranial interventions.

A quantitative analysis of the dimensions and content of the vertebral triangle

“…Two of the most common variations with regard to the origin of the left vertebral artery is directly from the arch of the aorta, between the left common carotid and the left subclavian arteries, and in this study, three cadavers showed this variation. The second common variation is the left vertebral artery arising from a common trunk formed by the common carotid and vertebral arteries or subclavian and vertebral arteries [1,3,11,12,17,18,19,22,26,35]. In the case where the presence of two left vertebral arteries were observed, it was found that one originated from the aortic arch and the other from the left subclavian artery [7,16,17,24,30].…”