Anomalous critical slowdown at a first order phase transition in single polymer chains

Zhang, Shuangshuang; Qi, Shuanhu; Klushin, Leonid I.; Skvortsov, A.M.; Yan, Dadong; Schmid, Friederike

doi:10.1063/1.4997435

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This corresponds to a slowing down of convergence around the phase transition (from one to two clusters), which is a physical phenomenon known as critical slowing down , observed in many physical systems (e.g. [35, 36]). It relates to the fact that the system is less stable around the phase transition, taking thus longer to reach an equilibrium.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Algorithmic bias amplifies opinion fragmentation and polarization: A bounded confidence model

et al. 2019

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The flow of information reaching us via the online media platforms is optimized not by the information content or relevance but by popularity and proximity to the target. This is typically performed in order to maximise platform usage. As a side effect, this introduces an algorithmic bias that is believed to enhance fragmentation and polarization of the societal debate. To study this phenomenon, we modify the well-known continuous opinion dynamics model of bounded confidence in order to account for the algorithmic bias and investigate its consequences. In the simplest version of the original model the pairs of discussion participants are chosen at random and their opinions get closer to each other if they are within a fixed tolerance level. We modify the selection rule of the discussion partners: there is an enhanced probability to choose individuals whose opinions are already close to each other, thus mimicking the behavior of online media which suggest interaction with similar peers. As a result we observe: a) an increased tendency towards opinion fragmentation, which emerges also in conditions where the original model would predict consensus, b) increased polarisation of opinions and c) a dramatic slowing down of the speed at which the convergence at the asymptotic state is reached, which makes the system highly unstable. Fragmentation and polarization are augmented by a fragmented initial population.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Algorithmic bias amplifies opinion fragmentation and polarization: A bounded confidence model

et al. 2019

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“…Grafted polymers have attracted great attention in the past few decades due to their potential applications in surface modification, functional surface manufacturing, or sensors [1][2][3][4][5][6]. At the level of single molecules, chain adsorption and chain stretching are among the most prominent fundamental processes [7]. For example, the adsorption of polymers at interfaces can significantly modify interfacial properties such as the friction coefficient [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase transitions in single macromolecules: Loop-stretch transition versus loop adsorption transition in end-grafted polymer chains

Zhang

Klushin

et al. 2018

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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We use Brownian dynamics simulations and analytical theory to compare two prominent types of single molecule transitions. One is the adsorption transition of a loop (a chain with two ends bound to an attractive substrate) driven by an attraction parameter ε and the other is the loop-stretch transition in a chain with one end attached to a repulsive substrate, driven by an external end-force F applied to the free end. Specifically, we compare the behavior of the respective order parameters of the transitions, i.e., the mean number of surface contacts in the case of the adsorption transition and the mean position of the chain end in the case of the loop-stretch transition. Close to the transition points, both the static behavior and the dynamic behavior of chains with different length N are very well described by a scaling ansatz with the scaling parameters (ε - ε*)N (adsorption transition) and (F - F)N (loop-stretch transition), respectively, where ϕ is the crossover exponent of the adsorption transition and ν is the Flory exponent. We show that both the loop-stretch and the loop adsorption transitions provide an exceptional opportunity to construct explicit analytical expressions for the crossover functions which perfectly describe all simulation results on static properties in the finite-size scaling regime. Explicit crossover functions are based on the ansatz for the analytical form of the order parameter distributions at the respective transition points. In contrast to the close similarity in equilibrium static behavior, the dynamic relaxation at the two transitions shows qualitative differences, especially in the strongly ordered regimes. This is attributed to the fact that the surface contact dynamics in a strongly adsorbed chain is governed by local processes, whereas the end height relaxation of a strongly stretched chain involves the full spectrum of Rouse modes.

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“…6). They mix the features characteristic of the critical point (an anomalous slowdown) like it was observed 64 in the study of the dynamical behavior of a polymer grafted onto an adhesive surface. Moreover, in our study the system in the near critical region (µ = 0.6, 4.0 or 8.0) demonstrates suppressing the fluctuations and strong speeding up the relaxation.…”

Section: A Evolution Of the Particle Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 71%

Adsorption time scales of cluster-forming systems

Bildanau,

Vikhrenko

2020

Preprint

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Anomalous critical slowdown at a first order phase transition in single polymer chains

Cited by 15 publications

References 35 publications

Algorithmic bias amplifies opinion fragmentation and polarization: A bounded confidence model

Algorithmic bias amplifies opinion fragmentation and polarization: A bounded confidence model

Phase transitions in single macromolecules: Loop-stretch transition versus loop adsorption transition in end-grafted polymer chains

Adsorption time scales of cluster-forming systems

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