Anomalous behavior near T c and synchronization of Andreev reflection in two-dimensional arrays of SNS junctions

Baturina, T. I.; Tsaplin, Yu.A.; Plotnikov, A. E.; Baklanov, Mikhaı̈l R.

doi:10.1134/1.1881727

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…This effect is strongly dependent on the diffusion constant for platinum silicide, which is unknown for our films. However, the diffusion constants of similar films 28 suggest R 0 ∼ 20 to 40. Pulse shape variations may also contribute to R 0 , but we expect them to be small since the quasiparticle distribution averages out the current non-uniformities at time scales on the order of the quasiparticle recombination rate.…”

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confidence: 97%

Wide-band parametric amplifier readout and resolution of optical microwave kinetic inductance detectors

Zobrist

Eom

Day

et al. 2019

Applied Physics Letters

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The energy resolution of a single photon counting Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detector (MKID) can be degraded by noise coming from the primary low temperature amplifier in the detector's readout system. Until recently, quantum limited amplifiers have been incompatible with these detectors due to dynamic range, power, and bandwidth constraints. However, we show that a kinetic inductance based traveling wave parametric amplifier can be used for this application and reaches the quantum limit. The total system noise for this readout scheme was equal to ∼2.1 in units of quanta. For incident photons in the 800 to 1300 nm range, the amplifier increased the average resolving power of the detector from ∼6.7 to 9.3 at which point the resolution becomes limited by noise on the pulse height of the signal. Noise measurements suggest that a resolving power of up to 25 is possible if redesigned detectors can remove this additional noise source.Optical MKIDs 1 are superconducting, single photon counting, energy resolving sensors which are sensitive to radiation in the ultraviolet to near infrared range. Advantages over semiconductor detectors in this wavelength band include the absence of false counts (read noise, dark current, and cosmic rays), intrinsic spectral resolution, high speed, and radiation hardness. Other superconducting detectors have shown promise at these wavelengths, 2,3 but they are difficult to chain together into large arrays. Optical MKIDs, however, are naturally frequency domain multiplexed, which has enabled full-scale instruments at the Palomar observatory 4,5 and Subaru telescope. 6 In the future, these detectors will be included in a balloon borne mission. 7 Photon counting MKIDs operate differently than MKIDs designed for longer wavelength detection in the bolometric regime. Instead of measuring a constant flux of photons, they record individual photon events similarly to an X-ray calorimeter. To achieve a measurable detector response for a single photon event they tend to be smaller and able to handle less signal power than their longer wavelength bolometric counterparts. In these conditions, amplifier noise can be comparable in magnitude to the detector phase noise that originates from microscopic two-level system (TLS) states on the surface or between layers of the device. 8 The TLS noise can be mitigated through careful sample preparation, 9 fabrication, 10,11 and device design 12-14 while the effect of amplifier noise can be addressed by designing detectors that can handle higher signal powers. 15,16 These routes are actively pursued, but, for optical MKIDs, improving the main readout amplifier's noise floor offers an additional path to lowering the total system noise.Quantum mechanics imposes an uncertainty relationship between the two quadratures of an electromagnetic signal. 17 This relationship results in a lower limit to the noise that a high gain, phase-preserving, linear amplifier adds to its input signal, equal to that of the electromagnetic zero-point fluctuations (A = 1 /2). To readout a...

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confidence: 97%

Wide-band parametric amplifier readout and resolution of optical microwave kinetic inductance detectors

Zobrist

Eom

Day

et al. 2019

Applied Physics Letters

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“…Intense studies of nano-structured and disordered systems including Josephson junctions [9,10], mesoscopic tunnel junctions [11] and superconductors [12], patterned superconducting films [13,14], highly disordered superconducting and semiconducting films [15][16][17][18][19][20] reveal a prime importance of the out-ofequilibrium properties of an environment to which the tunneling charge carriers relax the energy. In particular, experiments on disordered superconducting films revealed that at extremely low temperatures the I-V characteristics exhibit highly nonlinear behavior indicating that the transport charge carriers are decoupled from the phonon thermostat.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Temperature Transport in Tunnel Junction Arrays: Cascade Energy Relaxation

Chtchelkatchev

Vinokur

Baturina

2010

Physical Properties of Nanosystems

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Abstract. A theory of far-from-equilibrium transport in arrays of tunnel junctions is developed. We show that at low temperatures the energy relaxation ensuring tunneling current can become a cascade two-stage process. First, charge carriers lose their energy to a bosonic environment via non-phonon energy exchange. The role of such an environment can be taken by electromagnetic fluctuations or dipole excitations (electron-hole pairs). The environment, in its turn, relaxes the energy to the thermostat by means of phonon irradiation. We derive the current-voltage characteristics for the arrays and demonstrate that opening the energy gap in the spectrum of the environmental excitations completely suppresses the tunneling current. The consequences of the cascade relaxation in various physical systems are discussed.

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“…Further developments were obliged to studies of large arrays comprised of many SNS junctions [17][18][19][20][21]. Experimental results, especially those obtained on the multiconnected arrays [17,18,21], indicated clearly that singularities in transport characteristics cannot be explained by MARs at individual SNS junctions only and that there is evidently a certain coherence of the Andreev processes that occur at different NS interfaces. These findings call for a comprehensive theory of transport in large SNS arrays.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchronized Andreev Transmission in Chains of SNS Junctions

Chtchelkatchev

Baturina

Glatz

et al. 2010

Physical Properties of Nanosystems

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Abstract. We construct a nonequilibrium theory for the charge transfer through a diffusive array of alternating normal (N) and superconducting (S) islands comprising an SNSNS junction, with the size of the central S-island being smaller than the energy relaxation length. We demonstrate that in the nonequilibrium regime the central island acts as Andreev retransmitter with the Andreev conversions at both NS interfaces of the central island correlated via over-the-gap transmission and Andreev reflection. This results in a synchronized transmission at certain resonant voltages which can be experimentally observed as a sequence of spikes in the differential conductivity.

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Anomalous behavior near T c and synchronization of Andreev reflection in two-dimensional arrays of SNS junctions

Cited by 16 publications

References 17 publications

Wide-band parametric amplifier readout and resolution of optical microwave kinetic inductance detectors

Wide-band parametric amplifier readout and resolution of optical microwave kinetic inductance detectors

Low Temperature Transport in Tunnel Junction Arrays: Cascade Energy Relaxation

Synchronized Andreev Transmission in Chains of SNS Junctions

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