Anoikis and the Human Gut Epithelium in Health and Disease

Beauséjour, Marco; Boutin, Ariane; Vachon, Pierre H.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-73856-3_5

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…This shedding is a result of replacement by cells that are continuously produced at the crypts and driven by mitotic pressure [5][6][7] . It is believed that shed cells enter anoikis, a process in which the cell loses contact with adjacent cells as well as with the extracellular matrix [8][9][10][11][12] . Notably, some studies showed shedding of cells without apoptotic markers in the human colon 13 , suggesting that shed cells may continue to be viable and perhaps even functional.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cellular states and fates of shed intestinal cells

Halpern

Biram

Egozi

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The intestinal epithelium is replaced every few days1. Enterocytes are shed into the gut lumen predominantly from the tips of villi3,4, and are believed to rapidly die upon their dissociation from the tissue. However, technical limitations prohibited studying the cellular states and fates of shed intestinal cells. Here, we used bulk and single cell RNA sequencing of mouse intestinal fecal washes to demonstrate that shed epithelial cells remain viable and up-regulate distinct anti-microbial programs upon shedding. We further identify abundant shedding of immune cells, a process that is elevated in DSS-induced colitis. We find that fecal host transcriptomics mirrors changes in the intestinal tissue following perturbations. Our study suggests potential functions of shed cells in the intestinal lumen and demonstrates that host cell transcriptomes in intestinal washes can be used to probe tissue states.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cellular states and fates of shed intestinal cells

Halpern

Biram

Egozi

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Previous studies have suggested that anoikis of epithelial cells, apoptosis induced by lack of correct cell/extracellular matrix attachment, occurs in inflammatory bowel disease and celiac disease [ 3 , 4 , 14 , 25 , 26 ]. The mechanism of anoikis is unclear, but integrin- and E-cadherin-mediated signaling are involved in the regulation of anoikis in human intestinal/colon epithelial cells [ 3 ]. The high density of cells in a constrained space may cause epithelial cell shedding and induce anoikis [ 6 , 11 , 24 ].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraepithelial lymphocytes are associated with epithelial injury in feline intestinal T-cell lymphoma

II,

CHAMBERS,

NAKASHIMA

et al. 2024

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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Our previous study indicated that cytotoxicity of intraepithelial lymphocytes is a poor prognostic factor in feline intestinal T-cell lymphoma (FITL), but the effect of cytotoxic lymphocytes on mucosal epithelium is still unknown. Thus, we investigated the association between cytotoxic lymphocytes and mucosal epithelium in 71 cases of feline intestinal T-cell lymphoma (FITL): epithelial injury, basement membrane injury, cleaved-caspase-3 positivity of epithelial cells, and the number and Ki67 positivity of intraepithelial lymphocytes in granzyme B (GRB)+ and GRB- FITLs were evaluated. Epithelial injury score and the number of intraepithelial lymphocytes in granzyme B (GRB)+ FITL were significantly higher than those of GRB- FITL ( P <0.05, P <0.05), but no significant differences were found in the basement membrane injury score, the percentage of cleaved-caspase-3+ epithelial cells, and the percentage of Ki67+ intraepithelial lymphocytes. There was a significant correlation between the epithelial injury score and the number of intraepithelial lymphocytes ( P <0.05), but no significant correlation was observed between the epithelial injury score and Ki67+ percentage of intraepithelial lymphocytes. Because epithelial cell cleaved-caspase-3 positivity was observed in FITL, regardless of GRB expression in lymphocytes, GRB-mediated apoptosis may not contribute to epithelial injury in FITL. The association between increased number of intraepithelial lymphocytes and epithelial injury suggests that intraepithelial lymphocytes infiltration may contribute to epithelial injury in FITL.

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