Anodic Stripping Voltammetric Determination of Lead in Tap Water at an Ordered Mesoporous Carbon/Nafion Composite film Electrode

Zhu, Lihua; Tian, Chunyuan; Yang, Rui; Zhai, Jiangli

doi:10.1002/elan.200704088

Cited by 90 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Similar phenomena have also been observed in carbon nanotube-Nafion, 26 ordered mesoporous carbon/Nafion (OMC/Nafion), 32 Nafion-graphene, 28,42 and carbon nanotube-graphene hybrid/Nafion. 30 This enhancement may originate from two contributions of MHCS.…”

Section: +supporting

confidence: 74%

“…With these properties, nanoscale carbon-based materials are also adopted as an active component for heavy metal sensing. 24 Up to date, multi-wall carbon nanotubes, [25][26][27] graphene, 28,29 carbon nanotube-graphene hybrids, 30 AlOOH-reduced graphene oxide, 31 mesoporous carbon, 32 SiC, 33 and nitrogen-doped porous carbon 34 have been reported for the stripping detection of heavy metal ions. In the present work, we introduced a new carbon-based material, microporous hollow carbon spheres (MHCS), to the stripping analysis application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combination of Microporous Hollow Carbon Spheres and Nafion for the Individual Metal-free Stripping Detection of Pb2+ and Cd2+

Niu

Zhang

et al. 2016

ANAL. SCI.

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IntroductionWith the increasingly severe water, soil, agriculture, and food pollutions resulting from heavy metals and their harmfulness to living organisms, the sensing of these heavy metals with reliable results and convenient operations turns out to be of great significance.1-4 Among all well-established methods for trace metal determination, including inductively coupled plasmaatomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), electrochemical stripping analysis is always recognized as an efficient detection tool. 5 Especially, the superiorities of miniaturized equipment, low cost, and test rapidity endow this approach with wide applications in in-field/ on-site monitoring. Early stripping measurements of heavy metals are performed with mercury-based electrodes. [6][7][8] Considering its hypertoxicity, replacing mercury with other "green" metals, such as gold, 9,10 bismuth, [11][12][13][14][15] antimony, [16][17][18] tin, 19 and copper, 20 has been recommended for heavy metal sensing. In stripping analysis with metal electrodes as the sensing platform, high-concentration metal precursors (up to mg/L) are usually utilized for the in-situ preconcentration, and a posttreatment is also required to clear off the metal residues. During these processes, secondary pollution from these metals possibly occurs. In this context, developing metal-free electrodes, instead of metal-based electrodes, seems to be more attractive, from the perspective of "green analysis", for the anodic stripping determination of trace heavy metal ions.Carbon-based materials, especially porous carbon, are extensively used in the adsorption, separation and purification, catalysis, and energy-storage fields. [21][22][23] They can provide large specific surface area, excellent chemical and mechanical stabilities, and versatile structures with low production cost. With these properties, nanoscale carbon-based materials are also adopted as an active component for heavy metal sensing. 24 Up to date, multi-wall carbon nanotubes, [25][26][27] have been reported for the stripping detection of heavy metal ions. In the present work, we introduced a new carbon-based material, microporous hollow carbon spheres (MHCS), to the stripping analysis application. Nafion, a perfluorinated ion exchange polymer or ionomer, is commonly used as a binder to immobilize active materials onto electrode substrates. With the easy film-formation and its hydrophobic fluorocarbon network, the Nafion film is highly stable in aqueous solution both thermodynamically and chemically. In addition to the inert binder role, Nafion can act as an active material as well. Here, the combination of Nafion with microporous hollow carbon spheres (MHCS) is first proposed to fabricate a disposable metal-free electrode for heavy metal stripping sensing. The MHCS-Nafion composite film electrode is prepared by drop-casting a mixture of MHCS and Nafion onto the lab-made screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE*).Re...

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Section: +supporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination of Microporous Hollow Carbon Spheres and Nafion for the Individual Metal-free Stripping Detection of Pb2+ and Cd2+

Niu

Zhang

et al. 2016

ANAL. SCI.

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“…The stripping current signal is greatly enhanced on graphene electrodes. As shown in the differential pulse anodic stripping voltammograms (DPASV) in Figure 8, , which are more sensitive than those of Nafion film modified bismuth electrode [118], and ordered mesoporous carbon coated GCE [119], and comparable to Nafion/CNT coated bismuth film electrode [120]. The enhanced performance is attributed to the unique properties of the graphene (nanosized graphene sheet, nano-scale thickness of these sheets and high conductivity), which endowed the capability to strongly adsorb target ions, enhanced the surface concentration, improved the sensitivity, and alleviate the fouling effect of surfactants [116,117].…”

Section: Graphene-based Electrochemical Sensors For Heavy Metal Ionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene Based Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors: A Review

et al. 2010

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Graphene, emerging as a true 2-dimensional material, has received increasing attention due to its unique physicochemical properties (high surface area, excellent conductivity, high mechanical strength, and ease of functionalization and mass production). This article selectively reviews recent advances in graphene-based electrochemical sensors and biosensors. In particular, graphene for direct electrochemistry of enzyme, its electrocatalytic activity toward small biomolecules (hydrogen peroxide, NADH, dopamine, etc.), and graphenebased enzyme biosensors have been summarized in more detail; Graphene-based DNA sensing and environmental analysis have been discussed. Future perspectives in this rapidly developing field are also discussed.

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“…The detection limit of Pb 2þ for 10-min open-circuit accumulation was calculated to be 1 nM. The proposed electrode has a wider linear dynamic range, lower detection limit, and larger sensitivity than many other mercury free electrodes for determination of Pb 2þ (Ghiaci, Rezaei, and Kalbasi 2007;Zhu et al 2008;Hwang et al 2008a;Guell et al 2008;Hwang et al 2008b). However, compared with our earlier work (Pan et al 2009), the sensitivity and the detection limit of the proposed electrode have not been improved maybe due to the large background current of CNTs (Wang, Kawde, and Musameh 2003).…”

Section: Anodic Stripping Determination Of Lead 1753mentioning

confidence: 71%

Carbon Nanotubes/Ionophore Modified Electrode for Anodic Stripping Determination of Lead

et al. 2011

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Anodic Stripping Voltammetric Determination of Lead in Tap Water at an Ordered Mesoporous Carbon/Nafion Composite film Electrode

Cited by 90 publications

References 28 publications

Combination of Microporous Hollow Carbon Spheres and Nafion for the Individual Metal-free Stripping Detection of Pb2+ and Cd2+

Combination of Microporous Hollow Carbon Spheres and Nafion for the Individual Metal-free Stripping Detection of Pb2+ and Cd2+

Graphene Based Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors: A Review

Carbon Nanotubes/Ionophore Modified Electrode for Anodic Stripping Determination of Lead

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