Anodic Oxidation Modification Improve Bioactivity and Biocompatibility of Titanium Implant Surface

Abstract

Current dental implant research aims at seeking an innovative surface able to promote a more favorable biological response to the cells and tissues at the bone-implant interface and to accelerate osseointegration. Anodic oxidation is a promising method for acquiring nanotube structures on the implant surface. In this paper, we modified the titanium surface using anodic oxidation to form nanotube structures on the surface and observed the surface by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The bioactivity of the Ti implants was evaluated by simulated body fluid soaking test. We further sought to characterize the cellular and molecular responses of murine preosteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells to anodic oxidation modified titanium surface with a nanotube-texture. Gene expression of osteoprotegrin (OPG) was also evaluated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and quantitative real-time PCR. SEM showed that the inner diameter of the nanotubes was about 70nm, the wall thickness was around 20nm, and the depth was about 200nm. The simulated body fluid soaking test displayed that bone-like apatite was formed on the nanotube-textured Ti surface after immersion in simulated body fluid for two weeks, but not on the smooth surface Ti surface. The biocompatibility was investigated by an in vitro cell culture test. Cell morphology exhibited a more differentiated characteristic, and gene expression of osteogenic markers OPG was also remarkably upregulated by anodic oxidation modification. Based on these results, it can be concluded that bioactivity and osteogenic responses to the nanotube-structured Ti surface were better than to the smooth surface, and gene expression indicates that OPG activation may be responsible for this increased osteogenic differentiation.

Synergistic effects of hierarchical hybrid micro/nanostructures on the biological properties of titanium orthopaedic implants

“…RNA was quantied at 260 nm using a Nanodrop spectrophotometer (NanoDrop Technologies, Wilmington, USA) and then reversely transcribed to cDNA using NI-RT Master Mix cDNA Synthesis kit (NEWBIO industry, Tianjin, China) that contains oligo (dT) in a nal volume of 20 mL to evaluate the gene expression. 5 Each cDNA was diluted 1 : 10 with RNase-free water, and then frozen (À20 C) until the PCR reactions were carried out.…”

“…11 The anodized surface has been proved to improve the corrosion resistance or wear resistance of the metal implants. 5,6 In recent years, this method has also been widely applied to produce uniform and controllable nanostructured titania on the implant surface. 6 In this study, biomimetic hierarchical micro/nanostructured topographies were produced on the surface of Ti implants through the combination of acid etching (to produce a microstructure) and anodic oxidation (to form a nanotubular oxide layer).…”

Development of Titania Nanotube-based Electrochemical Immunosensor and Determination of Prostate Specific Antigen

“…[32][33][34] Chitosan was adsorbed on the titanium surface by physical adsorption via electrostatic or van der Waals interactions between the positively charged amine groups of chitosan and oxide layer of AnTi electrode (TiO -). 35,36 In the second method, the electrodes were modified by constant potential electrolysis for 5 min at 3.0 V vs. Ag/AgCl in the AuNP-CH solution. By electrolysis, hydroxide ions were generated as a result of the reduction of water at the surface of the electrode.…”

Improved Cell Adhesion and Osseointegration on Anodic Oxidation Modified Titanium Implant Surface

“…Anodic oxidation (AO) is an easy, economical way to fabricate controllable nano-scale surface topography 7) . We have previously reported that the TiO 2 surface created by anodic oxidation induced bone-like apatite layer precipitation in simulated body fluid soaking test and increased the gene expression of bone-specific marker osteoprotegrin compared to the control Ti surface 8) . Since cell adhesion serve as the first step when tissue contacts with biomaterial, it plays a crucial role in the subsequent cell responses such as cell proliferation, differentiation and final osseointegration 9,10) .…”