Anodic deposition of lead dioxide at Nafion® covered gold electrode

Abstract

Anodic electrodeposition of lead dioxide at the bare and Nafion® covered gold electrode was studied by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. The results showed that Nafion® layer has a favourable effect on the efficiency of the deposition process which was caused by both thermodynamic and kinetic reasons. Electrodeposition process at Nafion® covered gold electrode goes via Pb(III) intermediate species which are stabilized within Nafion® membrane. The final PbO 2 deposit crystallizes in tetragonal β-PbO 2 form.

Composite Electrodes PbO2-Nafion®

“…12,18,28 The mechanism has been modified from the first version, proposed by Fleischmann and Liler, 29 where insoluble oxygen-containing Pb(IV) intermediates were proposed, through ones involving the presence of several soluble intermediates such as the oxygen-containing Pb(IV) species proposed by Chang and Johnson, 30 and the oxygen-containing Pb (III) intermediate suggested by Velichenko et al, 31 who afterwards proved the existence of both oxygen-Pb(III) and oxygen-Pb(IV) soluble intermediates 32 : According to this mechanism, the first stage is the transfer of the first electron with the formation of oxygen-containing species ОН • ads. adsorbed on the electrode surface, which are formed by the anodic ionization of water (15). Then, in the subsequent chemical stage ( 16), these species react with lead ions to form an oxygencontaining intermediate Pb(III) of the Pb(OH) 2+ type, which is oxidized with the transfer of the second electron.…”

“…Based on general considerations, water-soluble polymers (polyelectrolytes) may be of considerable interest as an additive to the deposition electrolyte. [15][16][17] A long polymer chain and a high molecular weight of polyelectrolytes will be able to ensure the stability of this class of compounds at the electrodeposition potentials of PbO 2 . In this paper, the effect of a polymer additive on the electrodeposition of lead dioxide, the composition and properties of the resulting materials were investigated.…”

Mechanochemical Synthesis of Solid-State Electrolytes

“…As reported in our earlier paper, the presence of a Nafion ® layer at a gold electrode considerably diminishes nucleation overpotential, resulting in a higher efficiency of the complete electrode reaction, which is applicable in the construction of high-efficiency and high-power positive electrodes in lead-acid batteries and supercapacitors [135]. Also, multilayer niobium diselenide (NbSe2)@graphene composite material was synthesized by ball milling and reported by Nguyen et al as a new type of anode material for half-cell and full-cell LIBs, showing excellent electrochemical performance [136].…”

Structural and morphological investigation of (R)-α-phenylethylammonium-oxalate in bulk vs. nanowires on a modified substrate surface

“…At Naon® covered gold electrode, electrodeposition process goes via Pb(III) intermediate species which are stabilized within Naon® membrane. 25 Transition towards a metal-free materials for different applicationsfrom transistors, sensors to whole eld of batteries is highly represented in the research. 26,27 Nowadays, electroactive organic materials present a promising alternative to inorganic electrode materials for the new generation of green Li-ion batteries.…”

“…At Nafion® covered gold electrode, electrodeposition process goes via Pb( iii ) intermediate species which are stabilized within Nafion® membrane. 25 …”