Annual Water Yield Analysis with InVEST Model in Tesso Nilo National Park, Riau Province

Abstract

One of the problems in Tesso Nilo National Park is deforestation through the opening of oil palm plantations. This can affect the ecosystem services of Tesso Nilo National Park, one of which is as a producer of water. Water yield is a key component of the attributes and processes that produce water-related ecosystem services. The importance of Tesso Nilo National Park ecosystem services as water producers needs to be assessed quantitatively and visualized to explain changes in land cover to changes in these services. The purpose of this study was to analyze the annual water yield in Tesso Nilo National Park. The model used is the Integrated Valuation of Environmental Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) water yield model. InVEST is a spatially explicit tool for exploring how changes in ecosystems tend to lead to changes in benefits flowing to people. The annual water yield in Tesso Nilo National Park in 2018 was 5731528155.86 m3 or 2729.52 mm. Water yield is strongly influenced by actual evapotranspiration (AET), mean annual rainfall (MAP), and land cover (LC). The land cover that produced the lowest to the highest water yield was mixed acacia, forest, oil palm plantations, bare land and shrubs.

Trade-Off Analyses of Multiple Ecosystem Services and Their Drivers in the Shandong Yellow River Basin

“…Using the Carnegie–Ames–Stanford approach (CASA), the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs (InVEST), and the Food Production Estimation Model, this paper utilizes GIS technology to quantify ESs, and reveals the spatial distribution characteristics of ecosystem service relationships in 2000, 2010 and 2020. This paper refers to previous studies to calculate the four ESs [ 25 , 54 , 55 , 56 ].The processes that were used to assess the ESs in the study are listed in Table 1 .…”

Effect of LULC Changes on Annual Water Yield in the Urban Section of the Chili River, Arequipa, Using the InVEST Model

“…Over the years, population growth, climate change impacts and the change in land use [3,6,7] have generated a larger area composed of waterproof surfaces, which translates into limited humidity exchange, temperature increase [8] and a negative impact on the ESs related to urban rivers as hydric resources. Deforestation and agricultural land expansion cause an increase in annual runoff, evapotranspiration, river flow, groundwater depletion and lateral flow [9].…”

“…To evaluate WY, the Integrated Valuation of Environmental Services and Compensations (InVEST) is widely used [6,9,[18][19][20]. This model allows for the simulation of water spatial distribution according to the water balance method by using maps with biophysical attributes for each coverage defined for each territory pixel [6,14,18] in such a way that it spatially explores which transformations in the ecosystem lead to changes in this ES received by communities [21].…”

“…This model allows for the simulation of water spatial distribution according to the water balance method by using maps with biophysical attributes for each coverage defined for each territory pixel [6,14,18] in such a way that it spatially explores which transformations in the ecosystem lead to changes in this ES received by communities [21]. These evaluations represent important tools for effective protection and management of water resources [9,22], as well as for an adequate relationship between human growth and WY through the articulation of production spaces, housing and ecological value to achieve cities' sustainable development and human wellbeing [6,23]. Consequently, the measurement of the WY and the LULC changes through InVEST will contribute to achieve the sustainable development goals [24] aimed at the care of water resources, the protection of ecosystems and the development of sustainable communities, especially in cities with a clear trend toward urban growth, where the loss of natural ecosystems generates environmental and economic damage [14] that threatens the quality of life of the population.…”

“…Also, different relations, such as areas with greater vegetation that tend to decrease their water yield due to their capacity to provide more humidity to the soil, must also be taken into consideration [9,40], and if the forest and agricultural areas increase, the water yield tends to decrease [7]. Another factor to be considered refers to the following relationship: the higher the level of coverage transformation, the higher the increase in water yield [14].…”