Annual variations in hepatic antioxidant defenses and lipid peroxidation in a temperate fish, common bream Abramis brama (L.)

Abstract

Alternation of physiological states during the annual cycle (pre-spawning mobilization, spawning energy loss, post-spawning accumulation of energy reserve, declined metabolic activity during the wintering) occurring in the wide temperature range requires high plasticity of fish defense systems. The article presents a 2-year study of hepatic antioxidant defenses and lipid peroxidation in the temperate cyprinid fish, common bream Abramis brama (L.), in relation to basic annual rhythms, such as photoperiodic and temperature cycling, reproduction and feeding activity. The objective of the study was to evaluate the plasticity of antioxidant defenses in bream under normal conditions throughout the annual cycle, by measuring hepatic antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione-S-transferase activities and reduced glutathione concentrations) and products of lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances concentrations). The results suggested that hepatic levels of antioxidants in bream varied dramatically during the annual cycle allowing bream to develop necessary adaptation and implement reproduction program. The lowest values of all studied antioxidants were witnessed in the middle of winter. In early spring, antioxidant enzyme activities increased rapidly reaching their maxima in late spring and summer. Toward the end of autumn, enzyme activities were declining toward the levels observed before the ice breakup. Spring-summer up-regulation of antioxidant defenses along with increased lipid peroxidation indicated bream to be experiencing mild oxidative stress.

Integrated use of biomarkers to assess the impact of heavy metal pollution on Solea aegyptiaca fish in Lake Qarun

“…The present results showed the highest gills, liver, and muscle MDA levels during the winter season. Elevated MDA levels during the spawning period were also shown by Soldatov et al [97] in bivalve Mytilus galloprovincialis (L.) and Morozov et al [98] in common bream Abramis brama (L.). Therefore, spawning could be a physiological state in which aquatic organisms are naturally exposed to oxidative stress [97].…”

Fish biomarkers from a different perspective: evidence of adaptive strategy of Abramis brama (L.) to chemical stress

“…Activation of components of antioxidative defence system observed in A. brama from urban area on gene expression (induction of sod and gpx1) and enzyme activity level (induction of CAT) is a proof of strength of their ROS elimination system, and probably one of the most important adaptations to avoid oxidative stress in conditions of chemical contamination. Hepatic antioxidant enzymes activities in A. brama exhibit seasonal variations, which can be related to water temperature, oxygen availability, spawning, feeding activities, and fish metabolic activity in general [13]. Up-regulation of Nrf2 is considered as a protective mechanism with an important role in the adaptive response to oxidative stress, widely seen in environmental and toxicity studies.…”

“…In the aquatic environment, a number of pollutants tend to accumulate in sediment and/or biomagnify in food chains, making benthivorous and piscivorous species among the most exposed to their effects. One of such species is a freshwater cyprinid fish Abramis brama (L. 1758; common bream), a bottom dwelling, typical benthivorous fish, feeding on macrozoobenthos including oligochaetes, chironomid larvae, and bivalves [13]. Still, A. brama is considered as LC (Least Concern) species according to IUCN classification.…”

Microalgae from Biorefinery as Potential Protein Source for Siberian Sturgeon (A. baerii) Aquafeed

“…Antioxidant enzymes are considered a primary defense line against the formation of toxic oxygen reactive species (ROS), using reactive species as substrates, thus performing direct detoxification [40]. Particularly, catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6) is a ubiquitous antioxidant enzyme, present in most aerobic cells that destroys hydrogen peroxide to molecular oxygen and water, whether superoxide anion radical are converted to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen by superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) [41]. These enzymes were previously detected in several fish tissues, such as liver, kidney, gills, muscle, blood [42,43].…”