Annual variation of complement, lysozyme and haemagglutinin levels in serum of the gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata

Hernández, Adriana C.; Tort, L.

doi:10.1016/s1050-4648(03)00024-x

Cited by 40 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Although a positive correlation between water temperature and lysozyme activity have been marked in some fish species [42], there was no significant change in its activity observed among different seasons during this study. Our finding was in agreement with Hernandez and Tort [41], where they noticed the lysozyme activity of Sparus aurata and Oreochromis niloticus was less sensitive to seasonal or temperature changes. Being an antimicrobial peptide, it shows an acute phase response during infection or disease, with insensitivity to temperature or seasonal changes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Moreover, the variation in myeloperoxidase activity during the year 2008 clearly depicts the increase in activity with respect to a rise in temperature. Lysozyme, the antibacterial enzyme is an acute phase protein reported to be insensitive to temperature or seasonal changes [41]. Although a positive correlation between water temperature and lysozyme activity have been marked in some fish species [42], there was no significant change in its activity observed among different seasons during this study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

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Haematological and innate immune responses in Puntius sarana: normal range and seasonal variation

2012

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A study was conducted to measure the normal ranges, seasonal and annual variations in haematological and immune parameters of juvenile healthy Puntius sarana (weighing 75–100 g) during three major seasons over two consecutive years. Significantly (P<0.05) lower serum myeloperoxidase and ceruloplasmin activities, superoxide production, plasma glucose level, packed cell volume and haemoglobin concentration were detected in winter as compared to the summer season. However, serum lysozyme activity, antiprotease activity, total erythrocyte count (TEC) and TLC profiles were consistent during all seasons. The reference intervals (25th–75th) of each parameter were estimated and a range was established. The annual changes in immune parameters with minimum and maximum values were measured and a significant variation was noticed in myeloperoxidase, antiprotease, total protein levels and TEC over two consecutive years. The lower levels in haematological and innate immune status of fish during winter possibly indicate a higher disease risk period for the species.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

Haematological and innate immune responses in Puntius sarana: normal range and seasonal variation

2012

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“…These studies showed that higher temperatures increased the complement-mediated lytic activities tested. The lowest values of complement activity in the serum of gilthead seabream were recorded in the coldest months (January), and the highest complement titers were seen in the beginning of autumn when water temperatures reach the maximum values [178]. In contrast, a different study showed the highest ACP titers of tinca (Tinca tinca) in winter [179].…”

Section: Season and Temperature Influencementioning

confidence: 88%

Recent advances on the complement system of teleost fish

Boshra

Sunyer

2006

Fish & Shellfish Immunology

589

276

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“…The effect of temperature on the immune system in fish has been extensively discussed (Zapata et al 1992;Bly and Clem 1992;Hernández and Tort 2003) and a depressed immune status could also explain the presence of opportunistic pathogens. Tort et al (1998a, b) checked several immune indicators for gilthead sea bream, comparing warmer periods and cold months.…”

Section: Immune Suppressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-temperature challenges to gilthead sea bream culture: review of cold-induced alterations and ‘Winter Syndrome’

Ibarz

Padrós

Gallardo

et al. 2010

Rev Fish Biol Fisheries

122

110

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Although gilthead sea bream have been cultured successfully for the last two decades they are particularly sensitive to low temperature. Especially in the northern Mediterranean area, cold affects fish health and decreases fish-farm production, and may even cause mortality through what is known as 'Winter Disease' or 'Winter Syndrome'. This paper reviews the diagnosis and physiological effects of this disease, focusing on recent studies of cold-induced alterations in gilthead sea bream physiology. 'Winter Syndrome' is characterised by multi-organ dysfunction entailing hyposensitivity, erratic swimming, pale and friable livers, necrotic muscles, atrophy of the exocrine pancreas, and distended digestive tract. Its complex aetiology involves several factors such as thermal stress, metabolic depression, immune suppression, and occasional opportunistic pathogens. Low temperatures may be the initial cause of all these factors, except pathogen action. Indoor studies have demonstrated that a drop in temperature causes cold-induced fasting, thermal stress and metabolic depression. These immediate effects are related to an ionic imbalance caused by malfunctions of the gills and digestive system. They are also related to a fatty liver, which appeared steatotic and affected hepatic metabolism and blood composition. The result is a lower immune capacity and fish that are more susceptible to infection. There is no significant thermal compensation under cold conditions and in this situation any additional stress factors can cause fish to suffer metabolic collapse. This study reviews the physiological and zootechnical origins of the disease and, where possible, recommends ways of improving culture conditions during pre-cold, cold and recovery periods.

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Annual variation of complement, lysozyme and haemagglutinin levels in serum of the gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata

Cited by 40 publications

References 5 publications

Haematological and innate immune responses in Puntius sarana: normal range and seasonal variation

Haematological and innate immune responses in Puntius sarana: normal range and seasonal variation

Recent advances on the complement system of teleost fish

Low-temperature challenges to gilthead sea bream culture: review of cold-induced alterations and ‘Winter Syndrome’

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