Annual variation in serum antibody concentrations against gastrointestinal nematodes in beef calves from semi-arid rangelands of western Canada

Colwell, Douglas D.; Beck, Melissa A.; Goater, Cameron P.; Abbas, Rao Zahid

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.06.031

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Our results show that almost all cattle in Alberta are exposed to at least one species of GIN in their first year. These data are consistent with previous empirical studies and survey reports of calves sampled from pastures in other north-temperate locations [ 16 , 25 ]. Despite this ubiquitous presence, the relative risk of GIN exposure, as measured by antibody concentrations in host sera, varied significantly between polygons and between years.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Colwell et al . [ 25 ] reported significant variation in ODR between years for cattle sampled from the LRC ranch at OneFour, Alberta (N 50.5° W −113.4°), with values significantly higher in 2009 in comparison with 2008 and 2010. Despite significant variation, risk of infection was consistently low (ODR < 0.35) in this southeastern corner of the study area (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This, as well as a large proportion of variation unaccounted for by our model, may be related to incidence of discrete rain events providing opportunity for drastic rise in availability in infective L3 [ 18 ]. These events were also presented as the most parsimonious explanation for high rates of L3 transmission in 2009 in an analysis of annual variation in serum antibody concentrations at the LRC ranch despite lower total accumulated precipitation [ 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Blood was collected by jugular venipuncture into vacutainer tubes with serum separators (BD-Canada Inc., ON) from each calf, analyzed using SVANOVIR® Ostertagia ostertagi- Ab ELISA kits (Boehringer Ingelheim SVANOVA, Uppsala, Sweden). The reference sera were diluted 1:140 [ 25 ]. Optical density values read at 405 nm were standardized as an optical density ratio (ODR) using negative and positive control sera samples included on each plate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Where’s the risk? Landscape epidemiology of gastrointestinal parasitism in Alberta beef cattle

et al. 2015

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Background: Gastrointenstinal nematodes (GIN) present a serious challenge to the health and productivity of grazing stock around the globe. However, the epidemiology of GIN transmission remains poorly understood in northern climates. Combining use of serological diagnostics, GIS mapping technology, and geospatial statistics, we evaluated ecological covariates of spatial and temporal variability in GIN transmission among bovine calves pastured in Alberta, Canada. Methods: Sera were collected from 1000 beef calves across Alberta, Canada over three consecutive years (2008)(2009)(2010) and analyzed for presence of anti-GIN antibodies using the SVANOVIR Ostertagia osteragi-Ab ELISA kit. Using a GIS and Bayesian multivariate spatial statistics, we evaluated the degree to which variation in specific environmental covariates (e.g. moisture, humidity, temperature) was associated with variation in spatial and temporal heterogeneity in exposure to GIN (Nematodirus and other trichostrongyles, primarily Ostertagia and Cooperia). Results: Variation in growing degree days above a base temperature of 5°C, humidity, air temperature, and accumulated precipitation were found to be significant predictors of broad-scale spatial and temporal variation in serum antibody concentrations. Risk model projections identified that while transmission in cattle from southeastern and northwestern Alberta was relatively low in all years, rate of GIN transmission was generally higher in the central region of Alberta. Conclusions: The spatial variability in risk is attributed to higher average humidity, precipitation and moderate temperatures in the central region of Alberta in comparison with the hot, dry southeastern corner of the province and the cool, dry northwestern corner. Although more targeted sampling is needed to improve model accuracy, our projections represent an important step towards tying treatment recommendations to actual risk of infection.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Where’s the risk? Landscape epidemiology of gastrointestinal parasitism in Alberta beef cattle

et al. 2015

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Biogeography of the theileriosis vector, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus under current and future climate scenarios of Zimbabwe

et al. 2023

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Climate directly influences the epidemiology of vector-borne diseases at various spatial and temporal scales. Following the recent increased incidences of theileriosis in Zimbabwe, a disease mainly transmitted by Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, we determined lethal temperatures for the species and current and possible future distribution using the machine learning algorithm ‘Maxent’. Rhipicephalus appendiculatus larvae had an upper lethal temperature (ULT50) of about 44 ± 0.5 °C and this was marginally higher for nymphs and adults at 46 ± 0.5 °C. Environmental temperatures recorded in selected zonal tick microhabitats were below the determined lethal limits, indicating the ability of the tick to survive these regions. The resultant model under current climatic conditions showed areas with high suitability indices to the eastern, northeastern and southeastern parts of the country, mainly in Masvingo, Manicaland and Mashonaland Central provinces. Future predictions as determined by 2050 climatic conditions indicate a reduction in suitable habitats with the tick receding to presently cooler high elevation areas such as the eastern Highlands of Zimbabwe and a few isolated pockets in the interior of the country. Lowveld areas show low suitability under current climatic conditions and are expected to remain unsuitable in future. Overall, the study shows that R. appendiculatus distribution is constrained by climatic factors and helps identify areas of where occurrence of the species and the disease it transmits is highly likely. This will assist in optimizing disease surveillance and vector management strategies targeted at the species.

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Biology and Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Nematodes in Cattle

Charlier¹,

Höglund

Morgan

et al. 2020

Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice

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Annual variation in serum antibody concentrations against gastrointestinal nematodes in beef calves from semi-arid rangelands of western Canada

Cited by 5 publications

References 19 publications

Where’s the risk? Landscape epidemiology of gastrointestinal parasitism in Alberta beef cattle

Where’s the risk? Landscape epidemiology of gastrointestinal parasitism in Alberta beef cattle

Biogeography of the theileriosis vector, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus under current and future climate scenarios of Zimbabwe

Biology and Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Nematodes in Cattle

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