Annual cycle of air temperature and indicators of thermal oceanicity of Ukrainian climate

Abstract

Principles of constructing of indicators of thermal oceanicity of climate are considered. Some of them are statistically grounded to describe continentality or oceanicity of Ukrainian climate. Maps of the difference between the average temperatures of September and May, the annual air temperature range and their percentages over the territory of Ukraine as a particular index of oceanicity of climate are constructed. Effective models of multiple regression of the considered variables are constructed depending on the components of the geographical location. It was found that weather station altitudes reveal a significant effect only on the annual air temperature range. It was determined that the contribution of geographic longitude in the total variance of this variable is 44.2%, latitude – 37.4%, altitude – 18.4%. Two-factors regression models are constructed for other indices. They included only the geographical coordinates of weather stations. Determination coefficients of equations of multiple regression are in the range of 0.75-0.80. It was determined that all regressive models are statistically significant at the 1% significance level. It was established that the thermal influence of the Black and Azov seas on climate of Ukraine extends to about 47-48 parallels.