Annual and diurnal variations of gaseous and particulate pollutants in 31 provincial capital cities based on in situ air quality monitoring data from China National Environmental Monitoring Center

Zhao, Suping; Yu, Ye; Yin, Daiying; He, Jianjun; Liu, Na; Qu, Jianjun; Xiao, Jin-Long

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2015.11.003

Cited by 290 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…High concentrations were also observed in spring (March and April). This seasonal variation in PM 2.5 also corroborated the variation observed for several northern Chinese cities by Zhao et al (2016). obtained the same PM 2.5 concentration seasonal features for Hong Kong in 2000-2001 and indicated that high PM 2.5 concentrations in winter resulted mostly from elevated levels of organic compounds and NH 4 NO 3 , potentially reflecting the regional accumulation of secondary components .…”

Section: Spatial and Temporal Characteristics Of Pm 25 Pollution In supporting

confidence: 70%

Spatial and Temporal Characteristics and Main Contributing Regions of High PM2.5 Pollution in Hong Kong

Ding

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) pollution episodes occur frequently in most Chinese metropolises. Because Hong Kong is affected by the East Asian monsoon, its high PM 2.5 pollution is potentially contributed to by a combination of local and regional emissions. This study identified the spatial and temporal characteristics and contributing regions of PM 2.5 pollution episodes in Hong Kong. We analyzed the hourly monitoring data collected at various monitoring stations in Hong Kong for the year 2014 in addition to spatial distributions of PM 2.5 in China in the days preceding high pollution episodes, and we identified the spatial and temporal characteristics of high PM 2.5 pollution in Hong Kong. The relative contributions of local and regional sources to high PM 2.5 episodes were then quantified. Finally, backward trajectories of air masses arriving in Hong Kong during high PM 2.5 episodes were generated to determine the main contributing regions. The results indicated that PM 2.5 levels were higher in the northwestern and southeastern parts of Hong Kong and the Yuen Long station observed the most serious pollution, with a highest daily average PM 2.5 concentration of 118 µg m -3; other areas noted relatively lower concentrations, with maximum daily average concentrations less than 100 µg m -3. Regional sources accounted for almost 70% of the PM 2.5 pollution and were mostly from the northern and northeastern areas of Hong Kong. Six main contributing regions were identified: the northern region of Guangdong province, Henan-Shandong, the Yangtze River Delta, Jiangxi, Fujian, and Anhui-Hubei. Among these, Guangdong province contributed the highest proportion of the pollution. Because PM 2.5 is a major air pollutant in Hong Kong, the findings of this study will be useful for forecasting PM 2.5 pollution episodes. Moreover, the developed methodology can be extended to other pollutants if their characteristics and main contributing regions can be identified.

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Section: Spatial and Temporal Characteristics Of Pm 25 Pollution In supporting

confidence: 70%

Spatial and Temporal Characteristics and Main Contributing Regions of High PM2.5 Pollution in Hong Kong

Ding

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…This database contains information from 12 state-controlled real-time monitoring stations in Beijing and more than 1400 monitoring stations situated elsewhere in China. PM 2.5 concentrations are measured by either micro oscillating balance method (TEOM 1405F from Rupprecht & Patashnick Co., Inc., Albany, NY, USA) or the β absorption method (BAM 1020 from Met One Instrument Inc., Grants Pass, OR, USA or Tianhong Co., Wuhan, China, or Xianhe Co., Shijiazhuang, China) [29]. Through linear regression with data obtained by the reference method [30], the slope between measured data and validated data is (1˘0.1) and intercept is (0˘0.5 µg/m 3 ).…”

Section: Air Quality Monitoring Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Aerosol Radiative Forcing over Beijing under Different Air Quality Conditions Using Ground-Based Sun-Photometers between 2013 and 2015

et al. 2016

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Aerosol particles can strongly affect both air quality and the radiation budget of the atmosphere. Above Beijing, the capital city of China, large amounts of aerosols within the atmospheric column have caused the deterioration of local air quality and have influenced radiative forcings at both the top and the bottom of the atmosphere (BOA and TOA). Observations of aerosol radiative forcing and its efficiency have been made using two sun-photometers in urban Beijing between 2013 and 2015, and have been analyzed alongside two air quality monitoring stations' data by dividing air quality conditions into unpolluted, moderately polluted, and heavily polluted days. Daily average PM 2.5 concentrations varied greatly in urban Beijing (5.5-485.0 µg/m 3 ) and more than one-third of the analyzed period is classified as being polluted according to the national ambient air quality standards of China. The heavily polluted days had the largest bottom of atmosphere (BOA) and top of atmosphere (TOA) radiative forcings, but the smallest radiative forcing efficiencies, while the unpolluted days showed the opposite characteristics. On heavily polluted days, the averaged BOA aerosol radiative forcing occasionally exceeded´150 W/m 2 , which represents a value about three-times greater than that for unpolluted days. BOA aerosol radiative forcing was around two-to-three times as large as TOA aerosol radiative forcing under various air quality conditions, although both were mostly negative, suggesting that aerosols had different magnitudes of cooling effects at both the surface and the top of the atmosphere. Unpolluted days had the largest average values of aerosol radiative forcing efficiencies at BOA (and TOA) levels, which exceeded 190 W/m 2 (´70 W/m 2 ), compared with the lowest average values in heavily polluted days of around´120 W/m 2 (´55 W/m 2 ). These results suggest that the high concentrations of particulate matter pollution in the urban Beijing area had a strong cooling effect at both BOA and TOA levels.

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“…A higher incidence of neuroblastoma has also been reported in areas in proximity to metal plants and mines (Garcia-Perez et al, 2016b). Moreover, it has been reported that proximity to industrial facilities, especially those dealing with metals and organic chemistry, increases the incidence of kidney tumours (Garcia-Perez et al, 2016a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Observational studies that relate PC and air pollution are scarce (Garcia-Perez et al, 2016a; Reynolds et al, 2003), and in most cases focus on traffic density and the proximity of high-capacity roads; no consistent results on a global scale have been reached to date. Regarding industrial pollution, several works recently published in Spain argue for the relationship between exposure to industrial pollution and leukaemia, neuroblastoma, kidney and bone tumours in children aged 0–14 (Garcia-Perez et al, 2015b, 2016a, 2016b; García-Pérez et al, 2017). The low incidence of PC, the high degree of uncertainty associated with the variables under consideration, and the formation of micro-clusters emphasise the need to carry out spatial epidemiological studies, which can then be used to analyse the incidence of cancer in small urban units (Ortega-García et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood cancer in small geographical areas and proximity to air-polluting industries

Ortega-García

Hernández

Cárceles-Álvarez

et al. 2017

Environmental Research

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Aim Pediatric cancer has been associated with exposure to certain environmental carcinogens. The purpose of this work is to analyse the relationship between environmental pollution and pediatric cancer risk. Method We analysed all incidences of pediatric cancer (< 15) diagnosed in a Spanish region during the period 1998–2015. The place of residence of each patient and the exact geographical coordinates of main industrial facilities was codified in order to analyse the spatial distribution of cases of cancer in relation to industrial areas. Focal tests and focused Scan methodology were used for the identification of high-incidence-rate spatial clusters around the main industrial pollution foci. Results The crude rate for the period was 148.0 cases per 1,000,0000 children. The incidence of pediatric cancer increased significantly along the period of study. With respect to spatial distribution, results showed significant high incidence around some industrial pollution foci group and the Scan methodology identify spatial clustering. We observe a global major incidence of non Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) considering all foci, and high incidence of Sympathetic Nervous System Tumour (SNST) around Energy and Electric and organic and inorganic chemical industries foci group. In the analysis foci to foci, the focused Scan test identifies several significant spatial clusters. Particularly, three significant clusters were identified: the first of SNST was around energy-generating chemical industries (2 cases versus the expected 0.26), another of NHL was around residue-valorisation plants (5 cases versus the expected 0.91) and finally one cluster of Hodgkin lymphoma around building materials (3 cases versus the expected 2.2) Conclusion Results suggest a possible association between proximity to certain industries and pediatric cancer risk. More evidences are necessary before establishing the relationship between industrial pollution and pediatric cancer incidence.

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Annual and diurnal variations of gaseous and particulate pollutants in 31 provincial capital cities based on in situ air quality monitoring data from China National Environmental Monitoring Center

Cited by 290 publications

References 48 publications

Spatial and Temporal Characteristics and Main Contributing Regions of High PM2.5 Pollution in Hong Kong

Spatial and Temporal Characteristics and Main Contributing Regions of High PM2.5 Pollution in Hong Kong

Analysis of Aerosol Radiative Forcing over Beijing under Different Air Quality Conditions Using Ground-Based Sun-Photometers between 2013 and 2015

Childhood cancer in small geographical areas and proximity to air-polluting industries

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