Annotated list of the entomophagous complex associated with pear psylla, Psylla pyri (L.) (Hom. : Psyllidae) in France

A concern with Bt-transgenic insect-resistant plants is their potential to harm non-target organisms. Early studies reported that Cry1Ab-producing Bt maize and purified Cry1Ab harmed larvae of the green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea. Although these effects could not be confirmed in subsequent studies, some authors still refer to them as evidence that Bt maize harms beneficial species. We provide a comprehensive review of the studies evaluating the effects of Bt (Cry1Ab) maize on C. carnea. The evidence indicates that this important predator is not affected by Bt maize or by the produced Cry1Ab protein. We discuss how conceptual models can assist environmental risk assessments, and we emphasize the importance of robust and reproducible studies.

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“…They have been reported to feed on >70 prey species in six arthropod orders (Balduf, 1939; Herard, 1986). …”

Section: Direct Toxin Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The end of a mythâ€”Bt (Cry1Ab) maize does not harm green lacewings

et al. 2014

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“…Registered as a psyllid predator on conifers (Wyniger and Burckhardt 2003) and aphids (Herard 1986). In the present paper, reported for the first time as a psyllid predator in Serbia.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So far, detailed researches were carried out only on the predators of economically significant species, such as pear psyllids Cacopsylla pyri (Linnaeus, 1758), Cacopsylla pyricola (Foerster, 1848) and Cacopsylla pyrisuga (Foerster, 1848); apple psyllid Cacopsylla mali (Schmidberger, 1836) and eucalyptus psyllids from the subfamily Spondyliaspidinae (Jonsson 1983, Herard 1985, 1986, Santas 1987, Erler 2004, Horton et al 2004, Sigsgaard et al 2006, Jauset et al 2006, Luiz de Queiroz et al 2012). There are too few data on predators of other psyllid species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within the Heteroptera, the most numerous in species families are Anthocoridae, Miridae and Nabidae. A polyphagous species, Anthocoris nemoralis (Fabricius, 1794), was most frequently found, with a preference for the species from superfamily Psylloidea (Jonsson 1983, Herard 1986). Anthocoris nemoralis (Anthocoridae) was introduced from Europe to North America (British Columbia) in 1963 in order to control Cacopsylla pyricola , where its establishment was successful.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anthocoris nemoralis (Anthocoridae) was introduced from Europe to North America (British Columbia) in 1963 in order to control Cacopsylla pyricola , where its establishment was successful. Besides giving satisfactory effects, this species also spread in the new environment suppressing autochthonous species Anthocoris antevolens White, 1879 and Anthocoris melanocerus Reuter, 1884, which are most common anthocorid predators in orchards (Herard 1986, Horton et al 2004). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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True bugs (Hemiptera, Heteroptera) as psyllid predators (Hemiptera, Psylloidea)

Jerinić-Prodanović¹,

Protić²

2013

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Data on natural enemies of psyllids are rare and can usually be found in papers about economically significant species. During an investigation of psyllid fauna in Serbia, natural enemies were investigated, too. True bugs were the most numerous among them. From 28 psyllid species, 21 species of true bugs from families Anthocoridae and Miridae were reared. Seven species of Anthocoridae were identified: Anthocoris amplicollis (Horváth, 1839), Anthocoris confusus Reuter, 1884, Anthocoris nemoralis (Fabricius, 1794), Anthocoris nemorum (Linnaeus, 1761), Orius majusculus Reuter, 1884, Orius minutus (Linnaeus, 1758) and Orius niger Wolff, 1811. The following 14 species of Miridae were identified: Atractotomus mali Meyer-Dür, 1843, Campylomma verbasci (Meyer-Dür, 1843), Deraeocoris flavilinea (A. Costa, 1862), Deraeocoris ruber (Linnaeus, 1758), Deraeocoris lutescens (Schilling, 1836), Heterocordylus genistae (Scopoli, 1763), Hypseloecus visci (Puton, 1888), Malacocoris chlorizans Panzer, 1794, Miris striatus (Linnaeus, 1758), Orthotylus marginalis Reuter, 1884, Psallus assimilis Stichel, 1956, Psallus quercus Kirschbaum, 1856, Psallus flavellus Stichel, 1933 and Pseudoloxops coccinea (Meyer-Dür, 1843). The aim of the research was to provide list of true bugs recorded as predators of psyllids in order to preserve their diversity and significance, especially on cultivated plants.

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Ecology and biology of the parasitoid Trechnites insidiosus and its potential for biological control of pear psyllids

Tougeron

Iltis

Renoz

et al. 2021

Pest Management Science

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Pear cultivation accounts for a large proportion of worldwide orchards, but its sustainability is controversial because it relies on intensive use of pesticides. It is therefore crucial and timely to find alternative methods to chemical control in pear orchards. The psyllids Cacopsylla pyri and Cacopsylla pyricola are the most important pests of pear trees in Europe and North America, respectively, because they infest all commercial varieties, causing damage directly through sap consumption or indirectly through the spread of diseases. A set of natural enemies exists, ranging from generalist predators to specialist parasitoids. Trechnites insidiosus (Crawford) is undoubtedly the most abundant specialist parasitoid of psyllids. In our literature review, we highlight the potential of this encyrtid species as a biological control agent of psyllid pests by first reviewing its biology and ecology, and then considering its potential at regulating psyllids. We show that the parasitoid can express fairly high parasitism rates in orchards, and almost perfectly matches the phenology of its host and is present early in the host infestation season, which is an advantage for controlling immature stages of psyllids. We propose new research directions and innovative approaches that would improve the use of T. insidiosus in integrated pest management strategies in the future, regarding both augmentative and conservation biocontrol. We conclude that T. insidiosus has many advantages and should be included as part of integrated biological control strategies of pear psyllids, along with predators, in‐field habitat conservation, and the rational use of compatible chemicals. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Annotated list of the entomophagous complex associated with pear psylla, Psylla pyri (L.) (Hom. : Psyllidae) in France

Cited by 58 publications

References 32 publications

The end of a mythâ€”Bt (Cry1Ab) maize does not harm green lacewings

The end of a mythâ€”Bt (Cry1Ab) maize does not harm green lacewings

True bugs (Hemiptera, Heteroptera) as psyllid predators (Hemiptera, Psylloidea)

Ecology and biology of the parasitoid Trechnites insidiosus and its potential for biological control of pear psyllids

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