Annelid transepithelial ion transport

Prusch, Robert D.; Otter, Tim

doi:10.1016/0300-9629(77)90355-3

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Experimental observations using this preparation indicated that enzyme treatment is not necessary, although it did not damage the epithelium. In these studies we were able to confirm all the previous findings from H. grandis (Prusch and Otter 1977) and extend them to H. medicinalis, another species of freshwater leech. It was possible to measure the transintegumental resistance and characterize leech skin as a tight epithelium with a resistance of more that 1 kΩ·cm 2 .…”

Section: Absorption Of Ions and Watersupporting

confidence: 90%

“…With the availability of amiloride as a specific probe for epithelial Na + transport, such observations were taken a step further, and it could be shown that this drug inhibited integumental Na + uptake in the horse leech, Haemopis marmoralis (Kirschner et al 1973). In another basic study on integumental ion transport, L. terrestris was compared with the freshwater leech Haemopis grandis (Prusch and Otter 1977). Those authors used electrical measurements in vivo, as well as isolated preparations in Ussing chambers and isotope-flux measurements.…”

Section: Absorption Of Ions and Watermentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Vertebrate, especially mammalian, systems have attracted the most attention, whereas invertebrate epithelial transport has remained comparatively poorly investigated. In only a few cases have mechanisms been well investigated in such groups as insects (Harvey 1992;Hegarty et al 1992;Maddrell and Odonnell 1992;Phillips et al 1996;Wieczorek 1992), molluscs (Gerencser and Stevens 1994), crustaceans (Ahearn 1978(Ahearn , 1980Ahearn et al 1999;Onken 1996;Onken et al 1991;Onken and Riestenpatt 1998;Towle et al 1997;Zeiske et al 1992), and annelids (Prusch and Otter 1977;Weber et al 1993Weber et al , 1995ZerbstBoroffka 1987).…”

Section: Introduction To Modern Concepts Of Epithelial Ion Transportmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Epithelial transport and osmoregulation in annelids

Clauss¹

2001

Can. J. Zool.

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Epithelial transport related to osmoregulation has so far not been extensively investigated in annelids. Compared with the large body of information about ion transport across crustacean or insect epithelia, only a few studies have been done with isolated preparations of annelids, using the body wall of marine polychaetes or Hirudinea. Nephridial function and general body homeostasis have received more attention, and have probably been best investigated in Hirudinea. With recent advances in the molecular physiology of epithelial transport systems in vertebrates, the cloning of various transporters and ion channels, and the considerable number of osmoregulatory peptides that have now been found and analyzed from annelids, it should now be possible, and is timely, to conduct functional studies on individual selected epithelial preparations or isolated cells from annelids. Such studies may be important for establishing useful models with somewhat less complexity than mammalian systems. For example, annelids lack aldosterone, an important osmoregulatory hormone, which is a key factor in the regulation of sodium reabsorption in vertebrates. Therefore, not only would such studies contribute to annelid physiology, but they would be important in a broader sense for understanding osmoregulation and its evolution. They should also facilitate the discovery and investigation of new specific regulatory pathways.

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Section: Absorption Of Ions and Watersupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Absorption Of Ions and Watermentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introduction To Modern Concepts Of Epithelial Ion Transportmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Epithelial transport and osmoregulation in annelids

Clauss¹

2001

Can. J. Zool.

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“…122). Water, ions, lipids, amino acids, and sugars were found to be transported by similar mechanisms in the intestine in Ascaris, earthworms, freshwater clams, insects, as well as in the mammalian intestine (4,107,221,235,365).…”

Section: Evolution Of the Epithelial Vectorially Transporting Pmentioning

confidence: 98%

Cell Adhesion, Polarity, and Epithelia in the Dawn of Metazoans

Cereijido

Contreras

Shoshani

2004

Physiological Reviews

151

100

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Transporting epithelia posed formidable conundrums right from the moment that Du Bois Raymond discovered their asymmetric behavior, a century and a half ago. It took a century and a half to start unraveling the mechanisms of occluding junctions and polarity, but we now face another puzzle: lest its cells died in minutes, the first high metazoa (i.e., higher than a sponge) needed a transporting epithelium, but a transporting epithelium is an incredibly improbable combination of occluding junctions and cell polarity. How could these coincide in the same individual organism and within minutes? We review occluding junctions (tight and septate) as well as the polarized distribution of Na+-K+-ATPase both at the molecular and the cell level. Junctions and polarity depend on hosts of molecular species and cellular processes, which are briefly reviewed whenever they are suspected to have played a role in the dawn of epithelia and metazoan. We come to the conclusion that most of the molecules needed were already present in early protozoan and discuss a few plausible alternatives to solve the riddle described above.

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“…This decrease in melting point was probably due to the passive influx of Na + and Cl -ions across the body wall, as demonstrated in other annelids, such as Lumbricus sp. (Ramsay, 1949;Dietz and Alvarado, 1970;Dietz, 1974;Prusch and Otter, 1977) and Nereis sp. (Smith, 1976).…”

Section: Effect Of Salinity On Freeze-tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

Soil salinity increases survival of freezing in the enchytraeidEnchytraeus albidus

Silva

Holmstrup

Košťál

et al. 2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYEnchytraeus albidus is a freeze-tolerant enchytraeid found in diverse habitats, ranging from supralittoral to terrestrial and spanning temperate to arctic regions. Its freeze tolerance is well known but the effect of salinity in this strategy is still poorly understood. We therefore studied the combined effect of salinity (0, 15, 35, 50‰ NaCl) and sub-zero temperatures (−5, −14, −20°C) on the freeze tolerance of E. albidus collected from two distinct geographical regions (Greenland and Germany). A full factorial design was used to study survival, and physiological and biochemical end points. The effect of salinity on the reproduction of German E. albidus was also assessed. Exposure for 48h to saline soils prior to cold exposure triggered an increase in osmolality and decrease in water content. Worms exposed to saline soils had an improved survival of freezing compared to worms frozen in non-saline soils, particularly at −20°C (survival more than doubled). Differential scanning calorimetry measurements showed that the fraction of water frozen at −5 and −14°C was lower in worms exposed to 35‰ NaCl than in control worms. The lowering of ice content by exposure to saline soils was probably the main explanation for the better freeze survival in saline-exposed worms. Glucose increased with decreasing temperature, but was lower in saline than in non-saline soils. Thus, glucose accumulation patterns did not explain differences in freeze survival. Overall, the physiological responses to freezing of E. albidus from Greenland and Germany were similar after exposure to saline soils. Soil salinity up to 30‰ improved reproduction by a factor of ca. 10.

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Annelid transepithelial ion transport

Cited by 23 publications

References 19 publications

Epithelial transport and osmoregulation in annelids

Epithelial transport and osmoregulation in annelids

Cell Adhesion, Polarity, and Epithelia in the Dawn of Metazoans

Soil salinity increases survival of freezing in the enchytraeidEnchytraeus albidus

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