Annealing temperature effect on the mechanical and tribological properties of molybdenum nitride thin films

Abstract

The present study demonstrated the simple, cheap, eco-friendly synthesis of the silver nanoparticles (S-AgNPs) using Symphytum officinale leaf extract. The biosynthesized S-AgNPs were characterized by UV-Vis, FE-TEM, elemental mapping, EDX, zeta potential, XRD, SAED, and FT-IR. The characterization results revealed the irregular shape and relatively stable nature of synthesized S-AgNPs. The average particle size was determined to be 87.46 nm. The zeta potential shows the negative surface charge (− 25.5 mV) of S-AgNPs. After characterization, we investigated the anti-aging effect of S-AgNPs in HaCaT keratinocyte cells. HaCaT keratinocyte cells were treated with S-AgNPs at concentrations 1, 10, 100 μg mL −1 after UVB or non-UVB irradiation. The S-AgNPs significantly inhibited the production of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and IL-6 but increased the expression of procollagen type 1. The data suggest that S-AgNPs have photoprotective properties and may have potential to be used as an agent against photoaging. Graphical abstractElectronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https ://doi.org/10.1007/s4009 7-018-0281-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Molybdenum Nitride Films: Crystal Structures, Synthesis, Mechanical, Electrical and Some Other Properties

“…In [28], a transition from γ-Mo2N to β-Mo2N occurs at high temperature and in [26], transitions from γ-Mo2N to stoichiometric MoN compounds occur at high nitrogen doses. However, a similar transition is identified at high temperature during the thermal treatment of molybdenum films in flowing nitrogen [8] although this process cannot be compared with reactive sputtering or ion implantation processes. This effect is related to an increase of grain size at high temperature, which deteriorates the mechanical properties.…”

“…Khojier et al [8] have investigated the mechanical properties of molybdenum films, only 100 nm thick subsequently annealed in flowing N2 (Section 4.9.2). The hardness and the bulk modulus of thin films have been measured versus annealing temperature.…”

“…Khojier et al [8] have synthesized molybdenum nitrides from Mo thin films 100 nm thick deposited on Si substrates in Ar gas at a pressure of 3. Molybdenum nitride coatings are synthesized by conventional thermal equilibrium techniques as well as non-equilibrium methods.…”

“…They also have a good chemical resistance. Thus, they can be used in various applications such as hard coatings, corrosion and abrasion resistant layers to protect the tools (few microns thick), or as adaptive tribological coatings with low friction coefficient and wear [5][6][7][8] and for micromechanical applications [9]. They are also very interesting as gate electrodes and barriers of diffusion [10][11][12][13][14].…”

Formation of a Mo2N skin layer in columnar-structural Mo films using NH3 plasma nitridation as the Se diffusion-barrier layer

“…The properties of the Se-barrier layer in chalcogen-based solar cells requires high chemical stability, good conductivity and good Na diffusivity at the interface between the absorber and Mo. Mo 2 N has a strong chemical stability, a good catalytic property, a high melting point and an extreme hardness [20][21][22], and the characteristics of Mo 2 N are in accord with …”