Ankylosing spondylitis: A state of the art factual backbone

Abstract

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects 1% of the general population. As one of the most severe types of spondyloarthropathy, AS affects the spinal vertebrae and sacroiliac joints, causing debilitating pain and loss of mobility. The goal of this review is to provide an overview of AS, from the pathophysiological changes that occur as the disease progresses, to genetic factors that are involved with its onset. Considering the high prevalence in the population, and the debilitating life changes that occur as a result of the disease, a strong emphasis is placed on the diagnostic imaging methods that are used to detect this condition, as well as several treatment methods that could improve the health of individuals diagnosed with AS.

Secukinumab efficacy in anti-TNF-naive and anti-TNF-experienced subjects with active ankylosing spondylitis: results from the MEASURE 2 Study

“…It is characterised by the erosion and fusion of the spinal vertebrae and sacroiliac joints,2 which often results in progressive, irreversible structural damage, deterioration of function, disability and reduced quality of life (QoL) 3 4…”

A probable case of subligamentous tuberculous spondylitis: The concealed body of theLate Modern Period(early 16th century to early 20th century),Franciscancrypt ofSt. AnthonyandSt. Eusebiuschurch,Lombardy,Italy

“…Indeed, both pathologies are osteoproliferative and do not weaken the vertebral body. For this reason, the collapse of the vertebral elements does not fit in with the usual development of diffuse idiopathic hyperostosis (Rogers & Waldron, 2001;Wilczak & Mulhern, 2010; see also clinical data: Luo & Varacallo, 2019) or AS (Ghasemi-rad et al, 2015;Pálfi, Molnar, Bérato, Wicker, & Dutour, 1996; see also clinical data: Smith, 2014).…”

Influence of CYP2C9 and COX-2 Genetic Polymorphisms on Clinical Efficacy of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis

“…The overall prevalence of AS in the general population is 1% and AS predominantly affects young men who are more than 15 years old [1,2]. AS is a complex disease with genetic factors and environmental factors, but the genetic-immune pathogenesis of this disease remains unclear [3].…”