Anisotropy effects on gaseous nitriding of austenitic stainless steel single crystals

Influence of Interlayer Forced Air Cooling on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Wire Arc Additively Manufactured 304L Austenitic Stainless Steel

“…Such a difference in crystallographic texture can significantly influence the final mechanical properties. Experimental observations for polycrystalline austenitic stainless steels [ 35–37 ] have shown that the mechanical properties, such as Young's modulus, depend on the crystallographic orientation because E hkl increases in the order E 100 < E 110 < E 111 .…”

“…Instrumented indentation is a semidestructive, robust, and convenient approach to locally assess the mechanical properties of materials (e.g., location‐dependent properties). [ 37 ] The nanoindentation technique is a unique tool to track variations in local mechanical properties when dealing with fine and inhomogeneous microstructure, such as the one observed in metal additive manufacturing. [ 15,38 ] Past investigations showed the possibility to obtain hardness data from nanoindentation tests for a single laser track or within an individual melt pool, too small to be studied with conventional microhardness tests.…”

“…These results reflect the grain orientation evidenced by XRD. E is highest in the <111> direction [ 14,37–46 ] and this is also the main grain orientation in the D specimen.…”

On the role of stress in microstructure evolution during thermo-chemical surface engineering

“…All results show that <100> and < 111> orientation represent maximum and minimum nitrogen uptake and expanded austenite depth, respectively. Carbon is pushed ahead of the penetrating nitrogen front (graphs from [5]). The <100> crystal has a very large contribution of expanded austenite with long range ordering of N atoms as indicated by the peak at lower scattering angle 2theta than Fe 4 N. This is related to the more abundant N uptake of <100> as compared to <111> (see Fig.…”

Investigation of Alloy‐Dependent Occurrence of Ferromagnetism in Carbon‐Expanded Austenitic Steel after Low‐Temperature Surface Hardening

“…Nitrogen has generally a higher affinity to chromium than carbon, which can be considered as another reason for the lower carbon absorption. [12,13] In the case of nitrogen-expanded austenite, a notable change in the lattice parameter was observed with a smaller change in the nitrogen content. [14] In this work, Brink et al recognized a dependence between this lattice parameter variation and the transition of para-to ferromagnetism.…”