Anisotropic ZnS Nanoclusters/Ordered Macro‐Microporous Carbon Superstructure for Fibrous Supercapacitor toward Commercial‐Level Energy Density

Abstract

Fibrous supercapacitor (FSC) is of great attention in wearable electronics, but is challenged by low energy density, owing to disordered diffusion pathway and sluggish redox kinetics. Herein, using micro‐reaction strategy, an anisotropic superstructure is developed by in situ anchoring ultrafine zinc sulfine (ZnS) nanoclusters on conductively ordered macro‐microporous carbon skeleton via interfacial CSZn bonds (ZnS/SOM‐C). The anisotropic superstructure affords 3D ordered macro‐microporous pathways, large accessible surfaces, and highly dispersed active sites, which exhibit enhanced electrolyte mass diffusion, rapid interfacial charge transfer, and large faradaic ions storage (capacitance of 1158 F g−1 in KOH aqueous solution). By microfluidic spinning, the ZnS/SOM‐C is further assembled into fibrous electrode of FSC that delivers high capacitance (791 F g−1), commercial‐level energy density (172 mWh g−1), and durable stability. As a result, the FSC can realize wearable self‐powered applications (e.g., self‐cleaning ventilatory mask, smartwatch, and display), exhibiting the superiority in new energy and wearable industry.

Highly Stable ZnS Anodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries Enabled by Structure and Electrolyte Engineering

“…These heteroatom-induced edge defects could contribute to Na-ion adsorption. Compared with ZnS (Figure S8), a distinct sulfur component was found in ZnS@NC at 163.5 and 164.7 eV in the high-resolution S 2p XPS spectra (Figure e,f, Table S5), which is attributed to the in situ formed strong connections between ZnS and carbon skeleton (C–S–Zn) . The strong chemically bonded connections could provide effective electron pathways between the carbon skeleton and ZnS nanoparticles.…”

Two-Dimensional N-Doped Carbon with Embedded Microfluidic-Architected Fe, Mo Nanodots toward Efficient Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction

“…Therefore, a highly efficient synthesis method is urgently needed for well-designed heterocatalyst fabrication. Fortunately, microfluidic technology can properly mitigate these aforementioned shortcomings because of its rapid mixing, mass/heat transfer strengthening, precise residence time, and flexible operation . It is worth mentioning that catalysts are fabricated via a continuous-flow mode on microfluidic platforms.…”

“…Fortunately, microfluidic technology can properly mitigate these aforementioned shortcomings because of its rapid mixing, mass/heat transfer strengthening, precise residence time, and flexible operation. 46 It is worth mentioning that catalysts are fabricated via a continuous-flow mode on microfluidic platforms. Owing to the controllable regulation of the concentration and temperature in microchannels, microfluidic routines possess high stability and excellent repeatability.…”

Microfluidic Tailoring of a Ru Nanodots/Carbon Heterocatalyst for Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Fixation

“…Benefiting from the rapid mixing, intensive mass/heat transfer capacity, and adjustable residence time of the microfluidic platform, various functionalized materials with a favorable structure have been successfully achieved through the microfluidic strategies, such as MoS 2 /PGF, cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals, and carbon dots . Moreover, as for heterogeneous catalysts, our previous works have established a continuous process for hetero-catalyst preparation. − Nevertheless, the investigation into the regulation of the morphology, especially the supported active site size is far from satisfactory, but it is extremely crucial for the Ru-based catalyst toward electrocatalytic ammonia generation.…”