Anisotropic solid-state reaction. Dehydration of manganous formate dihydrate

Eckhardt, R.; Flanagan, Ted B.

doi:10.1039/tf9646001289

Cited by 34 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…[16] Synthesis of Mn(O 2 CH) 2 (1): Mn(O 2 CH) 2 was obtained by solvothermal reaction in a steel autoclave with a Teflon-insert of internal volume 10 mL. In a typical experiment Mn(O 2 CH) 2 ·2H 2 O (0.2 g, 1.1 mmol) was heated in 3 mL of formic acid to 140°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Examples include the oxo-centred trinuclear complexes [1] as well as [Mn 12 O 12 (O 2 CCH 3 ) 16 (OH 2 ) 4 ]·4(H 2 O)·2(CH 3 CO 2 H) [2] and its related clusters synthesized with other carboxylic acids [3] which show the behaviour characteristic of ''single molecule magnets''. In addition to the interest in polynuclear clusters, much research on framework structures produced hydrothermally with carboxylates and related donors has been performed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even though metal formate dihydrates are model compounds for hydration/dehydration experiments and their decomposition properties have been well documented, [14] their dehydration products have only been characterized by Xray powder diffraction (Mg, [15] Mn, [16] Fe, [17] Zn [18] ), and their structures are not known. The dehydration of nickel and cobalt formate dihydrate only results in amorphous products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solvothermal Synthesis and Structure of Anhydrous Manganese(II) Formate, and Its Topotactic Dehydration from Manganese(II) Formate Dihydrate

et al. 2003

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solvothermal Synthesis and Structure of Anhydrous Manganese(II) Formate, and Its Topotactic Dehydration from Manganese(II) Formate Dihydrate

et al. 2003

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“…22 That equation was developed for the heterogeneous process taking place at the reactive interface when nucleation occurs instantaneously across the entire surface of the reagents which is of cylindrical shape, i.e., expanded prism, 23 or at the ends of the particles having a disc or plate shape. 24 The established model of the swelling kinetics [using eq. (12)] confirms the Li and Tanaka hypothesis about diffusion motion of the ''adsorption complex'' formed as a result of the molecules of the swelling medium interacting with the hydrogel network, but he also makes the distinction that the socalled ''collective motion'' is actually just a movement of the reactive interface that is formed as a result of the interaction of the molecules of the swelling medium with the hydrogel.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel approach in investigation of the poly(acrylic acid) hydrogel swelling kinetics in water

Adnadjević

Jovanović

2007

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The swelling kinetics curves of structurally defined poly(acrylic acid) hydrogel in bidistilled water at temperatures: 25, 30, 35, 40, and 458C were determined. The possibility of kinetically explaining the isothermal swelling process by applying the following models: reaction controlled by diffusion, first order chemical reaction kinetics, and second order chemical reaction kinetics, was investigated. It was found that kinetically explaining the swelling process using these methods was limited to only certain parts of the process. The swelling process in bidistilled water was described in full range assuming that the hydrogel's swelling rate was a kinetically controlled reaction by the rate of the movement of reactive interface of hydrogel. Based on that model, the kinetic parameters, activation energy (E a ) and preexponential factor (A), of the swelling process were determined to be E a 5 35 kJ/mol and lnA 5 8.6. A possible mechanism of the investigated swelling process was discussed.

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“…We have also calculated the k values by an application of the Polanv-Wigner equation in the form [8] A…”

Section: B) Constant Rate Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Dislocations in the Thermal Dehydration of Lithium Formate Monohydrate

Flor

Berbenni

Marini

1979

Zeitschrift Für Naturforschung A

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The kinetics of Lithium Formate Monohydrate (LFM) dehydration (single crystal samples) has been investigated at constant temperature (317 < T < 353) under dynamic vacuum both optically and thermogravimetrically.The process takes place with an induction period followed by a constant rate period. The first one is characterized by a surface nucleation which occurs mostly in connection with dislocations emerging on the (021), (110) and (010) faces and at the vertex-intersections of these planes; the second one corresponds to the advancement of a reaction interface (formed on the planes with / 0) along the c-axis. This topochemical model has been interpreted on the basis of the different features of the actual dislocations and of the reticular geometry of the LFM crystal.This work, aiming at investigating the role of surface defects and reticular geometry on solid state reactions, reports the results concerning the dehydration of Lithium Formate Monohydrate (LFM), a crystal which finds application for non-linear optical devices in lasers [1].The structure of this compound has been recently determined [2], The lithium ion is tetrahedrally coordinated with three oxygen atoms of the formate group and one water oxygen. The water molecules, bound together by hydrogen bonds, form infinite zigzag chains parallel to the c-axis; they are also linked to the formate group through the following links: 0(H 2 0)Li and H(H,0) O (formate group).Furthermore, Klapper has investigated the structural defects of this compound by X-ray topography [3] Please order a reprint rather than making your own copy.Moreover, the heat of dehydration, the value of which was not available in the literature, has been determined. ExperimentalLFM single crystals were prepared by slowly evaporating at 303 K a solution obtained by neutralization of aqueous HCOOH (C. Erba RPE) with Li 2 C0 3 (Fluka puriss.) : the single crystals obtained had grown preferably along the c-axis and averaged 1 x 2.5 x 4 mm. X-ray analysis and polarizing microscopy allowed us to state that the most developed faces were the following: (110), (010) and (021).The etching tests were carried out by dipping these crystals for a few seconds into water (or a mixture water-propanol 1 : 1 by vol). Dislocation etch pits have been observed on all these faces. The etch pits on the (110) face had a rectangular basis with the longer side parallel to the [001] direction. Their centres were shifted toward the c-axis direction, thus showing [5] that the corresponding dislocation lines were not perpendicular to the plane considered (Figure 1 a, b).On the (010) face the etch pits, again with rectangular basis and with the longer side parallel to the [001] direction, were more symmetrical and lined-up along the [100] and [001] directions (Figure 2).The etch pits observed on the (021) face were highly asymmetrical (Figure 3).To gain direct information on the nucleation process, a small-sized vacuum-proof reactor, adjustable on the sample holder slide of the microUnauthenticated Download Date | 5/12/1...

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Anisotropic solid-state reaction. Dehydration of manganous formate dihydrate

Cited by 34 publications

References 5 publications

Solvothermal Synthesis and Structure of Anhydrous Manganese(II) Formate, and Its Topotactic Dehydration from Manganese(II) Formate Dihydrate

Solvothermal Synthesis and Structure of Anhydrous Manganese(II) Formate, and Its Topotactic Dehydration from Manganese(II) Formate Dihydrate

Novel approach in investigation of the poly(acrylic acid) hydrogel swelling kinetics in water

The Role of Dislocations in the Thermal Dehydration of Lithium Formate Monohydrate

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