Anisotropic pressure of magnetized quark matter with anomalous magnetic moment

Abstract

We investigate magnetic field ( ) dependence of constituent quark mass, the longitudinal and transverse pressure as well as the magnetization and magnetic susceptibility of strongly interacting quark matter. We employ the two-flavour Polyakov Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model with the inclusion of the anomalous magnetic moment (AMM) of the quarks at finite temperature ( ) and finite quark chemical potential ( ) capturing different stages of chiral phase transition. We find that the transverse pressure, magnetization and magnetic susceptibility become highly oscillatory for large values of in the chiral symmetry broken phase. However the oscillations cease to occur at higher values of and when chiral symmetry is (partially) restored and the anisotropic nature of the pressure becomes significant even at smaller values of . As the inclusion of AMM of the quarks leads to inverse magnetic catalysis of the transition temperature we observe that the variations of transverse pressure, magnetization and magnetic susceptibility are significantly modified in the vicinity of the chiral transition temperature. Furthermore, above the chiral transition temperature the magnetic susceptibility is found to remain positive for a wide range of indicating a paramagnetic character of the strongly interacting quark matter. Finally, we have also examined the magnetism of strongly interacting matter in the quarkyonic phase. The obtained results could be useful for a magnetohydrodynamic evolution of hot and dense matter created in heavy-ion collisions.

Anisotropy and paramagnetism of QCD matter with an anomalous magnetic moment

“…Although the change seems insignificant, it is concluded that the AMM enhances the splitting of the pressures parallel and transverse to the magnetic field direction. The anisotropy of the quark matter is consistent with the results reported in [37,51]. However, in panel (c), the two AMM cases are nearly indistinguishable in the chiral restoration due to our ansatz that the AMM is proportional to the square of the quark condensate.…”

“…This scheme separates the potential divergences in pure vacuum from the finite magnetic contributions. The VMR scheme is not only able to eliminate the unphysical oscillatory behavior in chiral quark condensate or tachyonic neutral pion masses that are observed when using the non-magnetic-field independent regularization (non-MFIR) scheme [51], but can also achieve the paramagnetism of QCD matter [52]. In our present work, we employ the VMR scheme to regularize the thermodynamic potential divergence.…”

Medium effect on anisotropic surface tension of magnetized quark matter

“…Over the years, many works have been dedicated to the effects of magnetic fields on the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) phase transition [1,2] and the equation of state in quark (neutron) stars [3][4][5][6][7][8]. The magnetic field modifies the microscopic properties of quark matter with the corresponding macroscopic implication in compact stars [9][10][11][12].…”