Anisotropic Contraction in a Magnetically Hard but Mechanically Ultra‐Soft Foam for Precise Drug Delivery

Zong, Zisheng; Zhang, Shuo; Wu, Zhigang

doi:10.1002/admt.202201255

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Because of their high motion controllability and shape reconfigurability, magnetic soft robots have been used to perform biomedical tasks like minimally-invasive operation 21 – 24 and targeted delivery 25 – 29 . Bioprinting with a minimally invasive manner on a rat liver in vivo has been demonstrated 21 , and the assistance of urination via applying mechanical compression to the underactive bladders has been achieved 22 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A magnetic multi-layer soft robot for on-demand targeted adhesion

Chen,

Wang,

Chen

et al. 2024

Nat Commun

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Magnetic soft robots have shown great potential for biomedical applications due to their high shape reconfigurability, motion agility, and multi-functionality in physiological environments. Magnetic soft robots with multi-layer structures can enhance the loading capacity and function complexity for targeted delivery. However, the interactions between soft entities have yet to be fully investigated, and thus the assembly of magnetic soft robots with on-demand motion modes from multiple film-like layers is still challenging. Herein, we model and tailor the magnetic interaction between soft film-like layers with distinct in-plane structures, and then realize multi-layer soft robots that are capable of performing agile motions and targeted adhesion. Each layer of the robot consists of a soft magnetic substrate and an adhesive film. The mechanical properties and adhesion performance of the adhesive films are systematically characterized. The robot is capable of performing two locomotion modes, i.e., translational motion and tumbling motion, and also the on-demand separation with one side layer adhered to tissues. Simulation results are presented, which have a good qualitative agreement with the experimental results. The feasibility of using the robot to perform multi-target adhesion in a stomach is validated in both ex-vivo and in-vivo experiments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A magnetic multi-layer soft robot for on-demand targeted adhesion

Chen,

Wang,

Chen

et al. 2024

Nat Commun

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“…24 However, the magnetic-driven deformation (about 35% 25 ) was restricted by the deformability of the matrix and magnetism of the magnetic particles (carbon iron powder). Recently, Zong et al 26 proposed a hard magnetic foam based on the Ecoflex for precise drug delivery, achieving a maximum contraction of 43% and a drug release rate ranging from 0.008 to 0.62 mL/min. However, each time the foam releases the internal drug through compression, the drug inside the foam will be diluted, making the amount of drug released still unpredictable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Soft Capsule for Magnetically Driven Drug Delivery Based on a Hard-Magnetic Elastomer Foam

Sun,

Zhang,

et al. 2023

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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Drug delivery systems based on porous soft biomaterials have been widely reported because of stimuli-responsive drug release and their inherent reservoirs for drug storage. Especially, magnetic-responsive porous soft biomaterials achieve rapid and real-time control of drug release due to the magnetic field-triggered large deformation. However, the drug release profiles of these materials are difficult to predict and repeat, which restrict them from releasing drugs in the required dosage. Here, we report a soft capsule based on a flexible hard-magnetic elastomer foam (HEF) for magnetically controlled on-demand drug delivery. The HEF capsule contains an inner HEF and an outer elastomer shell. The HEF exhibits low elastic modulus (10 kPa) and highly interconnected pores (81% interconnected pores). Benefitting from the novel precompressed magnetization, the compressive deformation of HEF reaches 66%. Thus, an adjustable drug release rate ranging from 0.02 to 1.7 mL/min in the HEF capsule is achieved. The deformation-triggered drug release profiles of the HEF capsule under the magnetic field are accurately predicted, allowing 85% accuracy in drug dosage regulation and more than 90% maximum cumulative drug release. Especially, the HEF capsule is proven capable of acting as a soft robot to perform magnetically driven drug delivery in a human stomach model. HEF can potentially serve as a soft robot for biomedical applications in the human body.

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Magnetically Controllable Paper-Based Soft Robots for Colorimetric Detection of Heavy Metal Ions

Ozkan Hukum,

Liman,

Demirel

2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Magnetically controllable soft robots are of great interest because they have unique properties compared with conventional rigid counterparts and can be used in diverse applications such as intelligent electronics, bionics, personalized medicine, and cargo grasping. However, the fabrication of such multifunctional soft robots has been challenging because of the integration of dissimilar materials into the robot body. Herein, we designed and fabricated a soft robotic multifunctional system using conventional papers and elastomeric polymers for the colorimetric detection of heavy metal ions (Hg2+ and Fe3+) in water samples. The magnetic actuation of the platforms was shown to correlate with the type of underlying paper and magnetic particle content in the mixtures. Moreover, it was observed that actuation can also be manipulated by controlling the magnetic field strength. A proof-of-concept robotic paper-based Hg2+, Zn2+, and Fe3+ ion detection was demonstrated by combining colorimetric paper sensors and magneto-papers. Our study highlights the significant potential of paper as a material for the fabrication of effective and multifunctional untethered soft robots.

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Anisotropic Contraction in a Magnetically Hard but Mechanically Ultra‐Soft Foam for Precise Drug Delivery

Abstract: The data that support the findings of this study are available in the supplementary material of this article.

Cited by 3 publications

References 76 publications

A magnetic multi-layer soft robot for on-demand targeted adhesion

A magnetic multi-layer soft robot for on-demand targeted adhesion

A Soft Capsule for Magnetically Driven Drug Delivery Based on a Hard-Magnetic Elastomer Foam

Magnetically Controllable Paper-Based Soft Robots for Colorimetric Detection of Heavy Metal Ions

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