“…For piezoelectric materials, the problem can be formulated as in the elastic case using an extended displacement and traction vector with the electric potential and the electric charge [15]. The elastic and electric variables are combined in a single constitutive equation by introducing uppercase subscripts (J, K) which range from 1 to 4 and lowercase subscripts (i, l) which range from 1 to 3.…”
This paper outlines a computational model for the analysis of the piezoelectric behaviour of the vertebral body remodelling process. Particular attention is paid to the algorithms for the simulation of the stress energy density for each point of the geometry and the distribution of the density in the bone. In addition, the model takes into account the piezoelectric effect and the anisotropy (transversal isotropy) of the bone. A model for internal anisotropic piezoelectric bone remodelling of a human vertebra is discussed in detail. The model consists of the implementation of an algorithm which includes the elastic and electric variables in a single equation using boundary element method. The presented results show a good agreement with biological data and the model does not include any electric additional charge.
“…For piezoelectric materials, the problem can be formulated as in the elastic case using an extended displacement and traction vector with the electric potential and the electric charge [15]. The elastic and electric variables are combined in a single constitutive equation by introducing uppercase subscripts (J, K) which range from 1 to 4 and lowercase subscripts (i, l) which range from 1 to 3.…”
This paper outlines a computational model for the analysis of the piezoelectric behaviour of the vertebral body remodelling process. Particular attention is paid to the algorithms for the simulation of the stress energy density for each point of the geometry and the distribution of the density in the bone. In addition, the model takes into account the piezoelectric effect and the anisotropy (transversal isotropy) of the bone. A model for internal anisotropic piezoelectric bone remodelling of a human vertebra is discussed in detail. The model consists of the implementation of an algorithm which includes the elastic and electric variables in a single equation using boundary element method. The presented results show a good agreement with biological data and the model does not include any electric additional charge.
“…However the formulation of the problem is complex for the case of piezoelectric materials with cracks and has only been accomplished in recent years, for the case of static piezoelectricity, by García-Sanchez et al (2005); García-Sánchez et al (2005; and for transient dynamics by Rojas-Díaz et al (2009;2010).…”
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