Anisakis spp. induced granulomatous dermatitis in a harbour porpoise Phocoena phocoena and a bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus

Beurden, Steven J. van; IJsseldijk, Lonneke L.; Cremers, H. J. W. M.; Gröne, Andrea; Verheije, Monique H.; Begeman, Lineke

doi:10.3354/dao02818

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Heavy burdens of the gastric nematode Anisakis simplex and gastric trematode Pholeter gastrophilus can cause mucosal ulcerations (e.g. Lehnert et al 2005), gastritis (Lehnert et al 2014) and have also been associated with granulomatous dermatitis (van Beurden et al 2015). Hepatic trematodes Campula oblonga have been associated with hyperplasia of bile ductular epithelium, inflammation of the bile ducts and periductular fibrosis, and occasionally affect the surrounding liver tissue (Lehnert et al 2005, Jaber et al 2013.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying parasite presence in relation to biological parameters of harbour porpoises Phocoena phocoena stranded on the Dutch coast

IJsseldijk¹,

Hiemstra²,

Jong³

et al. 2017

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Harbour porpoises are often found to be infected by endoparasites in several organs including the lungs and stomach as well as the heart, liver and ears. Nevertheless there is still little knowledge about the impact, ecology, transmission, and virulence of these parasitic infections. Here, we profile the presence of parasites in 4 frequently infected organs (lungs, stomach, liver and ears) in relation to biological parameters of harbour porpoises stranded along the Dutch coastline between December 2008 and December 2013. We found that parasites were common, with prevalence of 68% in lungs, 74.4% in ears, 26% in stomach and 23.5% in liver. We used generalised linear models to further quantify parasite presence in relation to biological data gathered during necropsy (sex, body length and nutritive condition). Body length (used as a proxy for age) was significant in explaining parasite presence for all organs with increasing probability of having the parasite with increasing body length. For the parasitic infections in the ears and stomach the nutritive condition was an additional significant factor, with a higher probability of parasite presence in porpoises in a poorer nutritive condition. The results of this study can be used as a baseline for assessing parasite presence in harbour porpoises and are a first step towards linking parasite infections to basic biological data gathered during necropsy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying parasite presence in relation to biological parameters of harbour porpoises Phocoena phocoena stranded on the Dutch coast

IJsseldijk¹,

Hiemstra²,

Jong³

et al. 2017

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…Although frequently reported in dolphins [ 28 , 29 ], in this study the detection of anisakid nematodes was not possible, probably due to the lack of availability for parasitological examination of the stomach content of examined dolphins.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Dolphins Stranded along the Tuscan Coastline (Central Italy) of the “Pelagos Sanctuary”: A Parasitological Investigation

et al. 2020

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Parasite monitoring is considered a necessary step for cetacean management and conservation. Between February 2013 and July 2015, 26 dolphins (15 Stenella coeruleoalba, 10 Tursiops truncatus, and one Grampus griseus) stranded along the Tuscan coastline of the protected marine area “Pelagos Sanctuary”, were examined. Organs, tissues, and faecal and blood samples taken from all animals were analysed by parasitological, immunological, and molecular techniques. Twenty-one out of 26 dolphins (80.77%) tested positive for at least one parasite species, and 13/15 (86.7%) S. coeruleoalba, 7/10 (70%) T. truncatus, and the single G. griseus were found positive. Identified parasites included the nematodes Skrjabinalius guevarai (7.69%, 2/26), Halocercus lagenorhynchi (3.85%, 1/26), Halocercus delphini (7.69%, 2/26), Stenurus ovatus (7.69%, 2/26), Crassicauda spp. (7.69%, 2/26); the trematodes Pholeter gastrophilus (26.92%, 7/26), Campula palliata (3.85%, 1/26); the cestodes Phyllobothrium delphini (42.31%, 11/26), Monorygma grimaldii (23.08%, 6/26), Tetrabothrium forsteri (7.69%, 2/26), Strobilocephalus triangularis (7.69%, 2/26), and the acanthocephalan Bolbosoma vasculosum (7.69%, 2/26). Moreover, 6/26 (23%) animals scored positive to Toxoplasma gondii at serology, but PCR confirmed the infection (T. gondii Type II genotype) in a single animal. In examined dolphins, obtained results showed a high prevalence of endoparasites, which included species considered as a cause of severe debilitation or death.

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“…Infection rates with Anisakis range from 10-26% and can cause severe chronic ulcerative oesophagitis and gastritis when embedding in the intestinal walls [20]. Intradermal infections, resulting in ulcerative and granulomatous dermatitis are also described [27]. The trematode species Campula oblonga (Cobbold, 1858) and Pholeter gastrophilus (Kossack, 1910) have been also recorded in previous studies [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Nematode Parasites in Baltic Sea Mammals, Grey Seal (Halichoerus grypus (Fabricius, 1791)) and Harbour Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena (L.)), from the German Coast

et al. 2020

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Purpose Endoparasitic nematodes of six harbour porpoises Phocoena phocoena and four grey seals Halichoerus grypus, stranded at the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea in Germany in winter 2019, were analysed in order to identify nematode parasites and to compare with recent studies from the same area. Methods Endoparasitic nematodes were identified by using both morphological and molecular characters. The successfully obtained sequences of the rDNA marker regions ITS-1, 5.8S, ITS-2 from 29 anisakid and the rDNA marker region ITS-2 of 11 pseudalid nematodes were amplified. Results Analyses revealed the presence of three parasite species, the anisakid nematode Contracaecum osculatum from grey seals and the pseudalid nematodes Pseudalius inflexus and Stenurus minor from the harbour porpoises. Other anisakid nematodes regularly occurring in the Baltic Sea, e.g. Anisakis simplex or Pseudoterranova decipiens, were not found. Conclusions The prevalence of 100% and a severe parasite load in grey seals demonstrated a very high C. osculatum infection of Baltic Sea fish as their regular prey. Prevalence of 33% for parasites in harbour porpoises and minor infection rates, combined with a distinct lack of anisakid nematodes, are typical for the current situation of the porpoise parasite fauna in the Baltic Sea. Invasive parasite species as possible indicators for climate change could not be detected.

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Anisakis spp. induced granulomatous dermatitis in a harbour porpoise Phocoena phocoena and a bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus

Cited by 15 publications

References 12 publications

Quantifying parasite presence in relation to biological parameters of harbour porpoises Phocoena phocoena stranded on the Dutch coast

Quantifying parasite presence in relation to biological parameters of harbour porpoises Phocoena phocoena stranded on the Dutch coast

Dolphins Stranded along the Tuscan Coastline (Central Italy) of the “Pelagos Sanctuary”: A Parasitological Investigation

Nematode Parasites in Baltic Sea Mammals, Grey Seal (Halichoerus grypus (Fabricius, 1791)) and Harbour Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena (L.)), from the German Coast

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