Anisakid Nematodes and Anisakiasis

Pathogenic Potential of Two Sibling Species,Anisakis simplex(s.s.) andAnisakis pegreffii(Nematoda: Anisakidae):In VitroandIn VivoStudies

“…More than 2,000 cases of anisakidosis are reported every year worldwide, and more than 90% of these are from Japan, which is thought to be due to their custom of eating a variety of raw or undercooked fish as sashimi or sushi [ 1 , 2 , 10 , 13 ]. However, the occurrence of anisakidosis in other countries has been increasing due to the rising popularity of eating raw or undercooked fish as well as improved diagnostic techniques [ 2 , 3 ]. Korean people have also traditionally eaten raw fish and anisakidosis has been frequently reported since 1971 [ 20 , 21 ].…”

“…Anisakidosis is obviously associated with the custom of eating raw or undercooked marine fish or cephalopods, which explains why over 90% cases of anisakidosis are reported in Japan, with most of the rest from European countries [ 1 , 2 ]. However, anisakidosis occurs worldwide and the number of cases from other countries has been increasing recently, as diagnostic methods improve and culinary habits change [ 2 , 3 ]. Live L3 anisakid nematodes can cause human infection called anisakidosis or anisakiasis, and their symptoms include mild to severe abdominal pains, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.…”

“…Anisakid nematodes are known to have low host specificity in the larval stage, and, in fact, more than 200 fish and 250 cephalopods species have been reported to harbor anisakid nematode larvae [ 3 ]. However, each Anisakis species has a specific distribution area and host range, depending on the availabilities of its intermediate and final hosts.…”

“…and Pseudoterranova decipiens s.l. Other species, including A. physeteris and Contracaecum sp., are known to be less commonly responsible for human infection [ 2 , 3 , 5 ]. However, most nematodes isolated from human cases have been conventionally diagnosed as A. simplex or Anisakis sp., without further identification at the species level, so some of them might have been misdiagnosed.…”

Desenvolvimento Da Economia Circular Na Indústria E Demais Organizações Brasileiras

“…da Serra da Mesa, rio Tocantins, estado do Pará por Moravec & Thatcher (1999). Lacerda et al (2013) descreveram uma nova espécie da família Cucullanidae Cucullanus tucunarensis parasitando C. piquitido rio Tocantins, estado do Tocantins CHEAH, 2007;AUDICANA & KENNEDY, 2008;EIRAS et al, 2016)…”