Anion diffusion pathways in bentonite clay compacted to different dry densities

Comparative study of tracer diffusion of HTO, 22Na+ and 36Cl− in compacted kaolinite, illite and montmorillonite

“…Tracer profiles of 36 Cl À in Na-mom were found to be in qualitative agreement with those found by Molera et al (2003) and exhibited two distinct linear regions with different slopes. In contrast to Molera et al (2003) we interpret the 36 Cl À profiles in terms of heterogeneities of compaction in the boundary zones of the clays and not as the result of two diffusion processes. In view of these ambiguities, tracer profiles were generally used as a consistency test and not for the calculation of D e values.…”

“…The sorption distribution values of 22 Na + in Na-mom and Na-ill follow the trend expected for mono-valent cations: The reciprocal of the sorption distribution values scale directly with the salt concentrations at a slope of + 1 (not shown). For KGa-2, such an evaluation is of little use since the uncertainty in the calculation of sorption distribution coefficients is too large in view of the uncertainties of a and e. In agreement with published literature data (Molera et al, 2003;Van Loon et al, 2007) the a values for 36 Cl À in Na-mom and Na-ill decrease with increasing external salt concentration. This observation has been interpreted in terms of reduced accessible porosity caused by the exclusion of anions from the interlayer and DDL porosity (Bolt and de Haan, 1982;Smith et al, 2004).…”

Investigation of Reactive Transport and Coupled THMC Processes in the EBS

“…The diffusion of water and ions in water-saturated compacted clay barriers has, therefore, been extensively characterized, though mostly at ambient temperatures (Molera and Eriksen, 2002;Molera et al, 2003;Nakashima, 2003;Wang et al, 2005;Melkior et al, 2009;Tachi et al, 2010;Glaus et al, 2011;Tanaka et al, 2011;Holmboe et al, 2011).…”

Laboratory Experiments on Bentonite Samples: FY15 Progress

“…with regard to cationic, anionic and neutral species, in a given system). ) (Muurinen et al, 1986;Sato et al, 1992;Kozaki et al, 1996Kozaki et al, , 1998aChoi and Oscarson, 1996;Kozaki et al, 1999a;b, 2001, 2008Lee et al, 1996;Nakajima et al, 1997;Nakashima, 2000Nakashima, , 2002Nakashima, , 2003Nakashima, , 2006Molera, 2002;Molera and Eriksen, 2002;Molera et al, 2003;Sato and Suzuki, 2003;Van Loon et al, 2003a;b, 2004a;b, 2005a;b, 2007;Wang, 2003;Jansson and Eriksen, 2004;García-Gutiérrez et al, 2004;Sato and Miyamoto, 2004;Suzuki et al, 2004;García-Gutiérrez et al, 2009;Wang and Liu, 2004;Wang and Tao, 2004;Melkior et al, 2005Melkior et al, , 2007Melkior et al, , 2009Nakashima and Mitsumori, 2005;Wang et al, 2005;Appelo and Wersin, 2007;Glaus et al, 2011Glaus et al, , 2013Motellier et al, 2007;Glaus et al, 2007Glaus et al, , 2008Glaus et al, , 2010…”