Anion dependence of taurine transport by rat renal brush-border membrane vesicles

Zelikovic, Israel; Stejskal-Lorenz, E.; Lohstroh, Peter N.; Budreau, Andrea M.; Chesney, Russell W.

doi:10.1152/ajprenal.1989.256.4.f646

Cited by 28 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…Na+-dependent taurine transport has been well characterized in many tissues (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). The transporter has a far higher affinity for a-amino acids than for a-amino acids (6), and is unusual in that chloride is also required (13,(17)(18)(19)(20). The sodium and chloride requirement reflect a postulated stoichiometry of 2 Na+: 1 Cl-: taurine (13,(19)(20)(21).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transporter has a far higher affinity for a-amino acids than for a-amino acids (6), and is unusual in that chloride is also required (13,(17)(18)(19)(20). The sodium and chloride requirement reflect a postulated stoichiometry of 2 Na+: 1 Cl-: taurine (13,(19)(20)(21). Such coupling would explain intracellular accumulation of taurine against a steep concentration gradient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Taurine behaves as an osmolyte in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. Protection by polarized, regulated transport of taurine.

Uchida¹,

Nakanishi²,

Kwon³

et al. 1991

J. Clin. Invest.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taurine behaves as an osmolyte in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. Protection by polarized, regulated transport of taurine.

Uchida¹,

Nakanishi²,

Kwon³

et al. 1991

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…Similarly, increased external l3-alanin e (500 p,M) also prevented the anticipated increase in taurine accumulation in response to hypertonicity; aminoisobutyric acid and betaine (500 p,M) partially prevented the increase in taurine transport after hypertonicity, T aurine, a f3-sulfonic am ino aci d that is found in millimol ar intrac ellular concentrati ons in the kidney o f many mammali an sp eci es, is pos tulated to ha ve several ke y functions in th e kidney ; among these are th e fun cti on of a nutritional substrat e, as w ell as that of an osmolyt e (1) . T aurine is tran sported b y the ren al tubular cell b y a sodium-and chlo ride-depe ndent tran sporter, w hich ac cepts the f3-amino aci d taurine and stru ctural ana lo gs such as f3-alanine (2)(3)(4)(5) .…”

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confidence: 99%

The Relative Roles of External Taurine Concentration and Medium Osmolality in the Regulation of Taurine Transport in LLC-PK1 and MDCK Cells

1995

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Taurine is a l3-sulfonic amino acid that serves as a nutrient important for developing brain and retina and as an osmolyte in the medullary collecting duct. The activity of the taurine transport system is regulated by substrate supply and by the external osmolality; these two stimuli induce changes in taurine transport. Increased medium osmolality (500 mosmol) stimulates taurine uptake into MDCK cells but not LLC-PKI cells. The enhanced taurine uptake that occurs in response to hyperosmolality is localized primaril y to the basolateral surface of MOCK cells, whereas the adapti ve response to medium taurine concentration is expressed on both the apical and the basolateral surfaces of both cell lines. The response of MOCK cells to medium osmolality requires protein synthesis and RNA transcription and is expressed in the presence of microtubular toxins. When cell monolayers were loaded with taurine by incubation in hightaurine medium before increasing medium osmolality, the expected increase in taurine uptake was blunted. Similarly, increased external l3-alanin e (500 p,M) also prevented the anticipated increase in taurine accumulation in response to hypertonicity; aminoisobutyric acid and betaine (500 p,M) partially prevented the increase in taurine transport after hypertonicity, T aurine, a f3-sulfonic am ino aci d that is found in millimol ar intrac ellular concentrati ons in the kidney o f many mammali an sp eci es, is pos tulated to ha ve several ke y functions in th e kidney ; among these are th e fun cti on of a nutritional substrat e, as w ell as that of an osmolyt e (1) . T aurine is tran sported b y the ren al tubular cell b y a sodium-and chlo ride-depe ndent tran sporter, w hich ac cepts the f3-amino aci d taurine and stru ctural ana lo gs such as f3-alanine (2-5) .Received April 26, 1994; accepted September 20, 1994 whereas L-alanine had no effect. The concentration of taurine or structurally similar analogs in the external medium might modify the response of taurine accumulation after exposure to hypertonic medium, in that taurine-replete cells behave differently than taurine-depleted cells. These studies indicate that there are at least two distinct mechanisms involved in the regulation of taurine transport: external taurine concentration and medium osmolality, with taurine concentration seeming to be the predominant stimulus. Thus, the changes in cell taurine transport depend on the physiologic stimulus as well as the cell studied, a phenomenon that might be related to the renal tubular site of origin. The kidney taurine tran sp orter serves at least tw o im po rta nt function s: 1) to reab sorb filte red taurine as a nutrient (this occurs in the proximal tubule and has been shown to be fun cti on all y immature in the neon at al rat, to be regulated by dietary taurine intake, and to be abnormal in the hypertaurininur ic mouse model) and 2) to offe r protection to medullary coll ecting du ct cell s or to MDCK (M ad in-Darby canine kidne y) cells in response to increased external os mola lity by se r...

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“…The inhibitory effect of SITS and DIDS on synaptosomal taurine uptake in hypernatremic rats indicates the importance of an intact anionic binding site in mediating taurine uptake. SITS and DIDS exert a comparable effect on taurine uptake in renal brush border membrane vesicles (22) and taurine efflux from cultured astrocytes (25) and skate erythrocytes (26) during exposure to hypotonic media.…”

Section: -Chd Chronic Hypernatremic Dehydrationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The different time course of taurine uptake in these systems versus renal brush border membrane vesicles, in which there is a rapid overshoot followed by a delayed equilibration (20)(21)(22), is probably due to inclusion of mitochondria within the synaptosomes (Figs. 1 and 2).…”

Section: -Chd Chronic Hypernatremic Dehydrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taurine and Osmoregulation. IV. Cerebral Taurine Transport Is Increased in Rats with Hypernatremic Dehydration

1992

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ABSTRACT. Taurine is an organic osmolyte in brain cells. We studied whether cerebral taurine transport is enhanced as part of the cell volume regulatory adaptation to hypernatremia. Hypernatremic dehydration was induced for 48 h. Synaptosomes, metabolically active nerve terminal vesicles, were isolated by homogenization of brain and purification on a discontinuous Ficoll gradient. Taurine transport was evaluated in vitro using a rapid filtration assay. After 48 h of hypernatremia, there was a 22.4% increment in Na+-specific taurine transport from 2.99 f 0.16 to 3.66 2 0.13 pmollmg protein130 min (p < 0.001). Dehydration for 48 h without hypertonic saline loading had no effect on taurine uptake. Glycine transport was unaltered by hypernatremia. The adaptation in taurine uptake resulted from an enhanced V,,, of the high affinity-low capacity transport system [265 +: 17, control versus 337 f 19 nmol/min/ mg protein, experimental ( p < 0.03)] without a change in the Km (260 pM). Under both control and hypernatremic conditions, Na+ and C1-were required for maximal total Na+-mediated taurine uptake. Oubain (1 mM) decreased taurine uptake by 25%, whereas addition of B-alanine or hypotaurine (500 pM) to the external media reduced taurine transport by 4 5 6 5 % in both control and experimental conditions ( p < 0.01). Synaptosomal taurine uptake in hypernatremic rats was inhibited by 1 5 2 0 % (p c 0.01) after addition of 4-acetamido-4'-isothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (0.1 mM) or 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (0.1 mM) to the external medium. We conclude that hypernatremic dehydration of moderate severity and duration results in stimulation of brain taurine uptake, mediated by increased activity of the B-amino acid carrier. An intact anionic binding site is required for maximal taurine uptake during hypernatremia.

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Anion dependence of taurine transport by rat renal brush-border membrane vesicles

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

Taurine behaves as an osmolyte in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. Protection by polarized, regulated transport of taurine.

Taurine behaves as an osmolyte in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. Protection by polarized, regulated transport of taurine.

The Relative Roles of External Taurine Concentration and Medium Osmolality in the Regulation of Taurine Transport in LLC-PK1 and MDCK Cells

Taurine and Osmoregulation. IV. Cerebral Taurine Transport Is Increased in Rats with Hypernatremic Dehydration

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