Anion conductive poly(tetraphenyl phthalazine ether sulfone) containing tetra quaternary ammonium hydroxide for alkaline fuel cell application

Anion‐Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells: Synthesis Strategies, Properties and Perspectives

“…This kind of polymers can be subdivided into: aliphatic copolymers synthesized by free radical polymerization 133–140, plasma‐polymerization 141–144, ring‐opening polymerization 145, 146, ATRP 147 and RAFT 148, random aromatic copolymers 149–175, copolymers with locally high concentration of ammonium moieties 176–184, and multi‐block copolymers 185–190, especially with long hydrophilic/hydrophobic blocks 191–197.…”

Hybrid anion exchange membranes with self‐assembled ionic channels

“…[2] As a key component, the anion exchange membrane (AEM) is one of the research focuses on AEMFCs owing to the absence of AEMs which meets the requirements for AEMFCs. [3] As a consequence, considerable efforts have been made to develop novel AEMs with high performances and many new AEM materials have been reported, including quaternized poly(ether ether ketone), [4,5] quaternized poly(sulfone), [6][7][8] imidazolium-functionalized poly (ether sulfone), [9] quaternized poly(ether-imide), [10] quaternized polybutadiene-b-poly(4-methylstyrene), [11] quaternized poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide), [12][13][14] quaternized copoly(arylene ether sulfone)s, [15][16][17] quaternized poly(aryl ether oxadiazole), [18] quaternized poly(tetraphenyl ether ketone sulfone), [19] quaternary poly(arylene ether ketone), [20] poly(arylene ether)s containing quaternized ammonio-substituted fluorene groups, [21] quaternary phosphonium-functionalized poly(sulfone), [22] guanidiniumfunctionalized poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide), [23] phenylguanidinium-functionalized perfluorinated polymer, [24] permethyl cobaltocenium functionalized poly(sulfone), [25] modified commercial polymers by introduction of hydrophilic additives, [26][27][28][29][30] grafting, [31,32] reinforcement, [33] and semiinterpenetrating polymer network. [34] Some homogeneous AEMs showed phase-separated, bicontinuous morphologies and well-developed ionic channels through cleverly designed structures.…”

“…[34] Some homogeneous AEMs showed phase-separated, bicontinuous morphologies and well-developed ionic channels through cleverly designed structures. [7,11,12,[15][16][17]19,21] However, scarce organic-inorganic hybrid AEMs showed well-controlled morphologies and ionic channels due to the absence of effective methodology for adjusting them. In this study, we proposed a strategy to control the morphologies and ionic channels in organic-inorganic AEMs by in situ self-assembly technology ( Figure 1).…”

Comb-shaped alkyl imidazolium-functionalized poly(arylene ether sulfone)s as high performance anion-exchange membranes

“…However, quaternary ammonium cations are generally unstable in high pH aqueous solution. [10][11][12] As potential alternative cations, guanidium, 13 piperazinium, 14 imidazolium, 15-17 morpholinium 18 and metal cations 19 have been investigated. Among the cations studied, imidazolium-based AEMs have recently drawn particular interest due to their relatively high chemical stability, which is largely attributed to the steric hindrance and the presence of the p-conjugated structures.…”