Animating Quadrupeds: Methods and Applications

Skrba, Ljiljana; Revéret, Lionel; Hétroy, Franck; Cani, Marie‐Paule; O’Sullivan, Carol

doi:10.1111/j.1467-8659.2008.01312.x

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…These methods lend themselves equally well to other terrestrial motions, such as jumping [11] and hopping [12], and have also been applied to synthesize quadrapedal locomotion [4,13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Predictive models have been used extensively to simulate terrestrial bipedal locomotion, with applications to biomechanics research [1][2][3][4], robotics [5][6][7] and computer animation [8][9][10]. These methods lend themselves equally well to other terrestrial motions, such as jumping [11] and hopping [12], and have also been applied to synthesize quadrapedal locomotion [4,13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predicting power-optimal kinematics of avian wings

Parslew

2015

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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A theoretical model of avian flight is developed which simulates wing motion through a class of methods known as predictive simulation. This approach uses numerical optimization to predict power-optimal kinematics of avian wings in hover, cruise, climb and descent. The wing dynamics capture both aerodynamic and inertial loads. The model is used to simulate the flight of the pigeon, Columba livia, and the results are compared with previous experimental measurements. In cruise, the model unearths a vast range of kinematic modes that are capable of generating the required forces for flight. The most efficient mode uses a near-vertical stroke-plane and a flexed-wing upstroke, similar to kinematics recorded experimentally. In hover, the model predicts that the power-optimal mode uses an extended-wing upstroke, similar to hummingbirds. In flexing their wings, pigeons are predicted to consume 20% more power than if they kept their wings full extended, implying that the typical kinematics used by pigeons in hover are suboptimal. Predictions of climbing flight suggest that the most energy-efficient way to reach a given altitude is to climb as steeply as possible, subjected to the availability of power.

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“…These methods lend themselves equally well to other terrestrial motions, such as jumping [11] and hopping [12], and have also been applied to synthesize quadrapedal locomotion [4,13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting power-optimal kinematics of avian wings

Parslew

2015

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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“…Animating animals: Microscopic simulation has long been the standard method for animating small groups of ground creatures such as herds of animals (see the work of Skrba et al for a survey). Reynold's pioneer work on Boids introduced three interaction forces of different ranges to respectively model cohesion, relative orientation, and collision avoidance within a flock.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Image‐based authoring of herd animations

Ecormier‐Nocca

Pettré

Memari

et al. 2019

Computer Animation & Virtual

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Animating herds of animals while achieving both convincing global shapes and plausible distributions within the herd is difficult, using simulation methods. In this work, we allow users to rely on photos of real herds, which are widely available, for keyframing their animation. More precisely, we learn global and local distribution features in each photo of the input set (which may depict different numbers of animals) and transfer them to the group of animals to be animated, thanks to a new statistical learning method enabling to analyze distributions of ellipses, as well as their density and orientation fields. The animated herd reconstructs the desired distribution at each keyframe while avoiding obstacles. As our results show, our method offers both high‐level user control and help toward realism, enabling to easily author herd animations.

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“…We refer the readers to an excellent survey by Skrba et al . for an overview of quadruped animation techniques including quadruped motion capture and simulation.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real‐time horse gait synthesis

Huang

Lin

2012

Computer Animation & Virtual

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Horse locomotion exhibits rich variations in gaits and styles. Although there have been many approaches proposed for animating quadrupeds, there is not much research on synthesizing horse locomotion. In this paper, we present a horse locomotion synthesis approach. A user can arbitrarily change a horse's moving speed and direction and our system would automatically adjust the horse's motion to fulfill the user's commands. At preprocessing, we manually capture horse locomotion data from Eadweard Muybridge's famous photographs of animal locomotion, and expand the captured motion database to various speeds for each gait. At runtime, our approach automatically changes gaits based on speed, synthesizes the horse's root trajectory, and adjusts its body orientation based on the horse's turning direction. We propose an asynchronous time warping approach to handle gait transition, which is critical for generating realistic and controllable horse locomotion.Our experiments demonstrate that our system can produce smooth, rich and controllable horse locomotion in real time.

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Animating Quadrupeds: Methods and Applications

Cited by 16 publications

References 50 publications

Predicting power-optimal kinematics of avian wings

Predicting power-optimal kinematics of avian wings

Image‐based authoring of herd animations

Real‐time horse gait synthesis

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