Animal transgenesis: state of the art and applications

Melo, E. O.; Canavessi, Áurea Maria Oliveira; Franco, M. M.; Rumpf, R.

doi:10.1007/bf03194657

Cited by 72 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…In 1992, a baboon liver was transplanted into a human. 23 All of these attempts resulted in fatality. 24 Transplanting organs from transgenic animals into humans is ethically problematic from both the human and animal side.…”

Section: Transplanting Organs From Transgenic Animals Into Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2016

Exp Clin Transplant

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Objectives: The aim of this study was to review and discuss the great variety of ethical issues related to organ donation, organ procurement, transplant activities, and new ethical problems created as a result of technologic and scientific developments. Materials and Methods: An extensive literature survey was made, and expert opinions were obtained. Results:The gap between demand and supply of organs for transplant has yielded to organ trafficking, organ tourism, and commercialism. This problem seems to be the most important issue, and naturally there are ethical dilemmas related to it. A wide number of ideas have been expressed on the subject, and different solutions have been proposed. Conclusion: The struggle against organ trafficking and commercialism should include legislation, efforts to increase deceased-donor donations, and international cooperation. China's policy to procure organs from prisoners sentenced to death is unethical, and the international community should exert more pressure on the Chinese government to cease this practice. Each particular ethical dilemma should be taken separately and managed.

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Section: Transplanting Organs From Transgenic Animals Into Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2016

Exp Clin Transplant

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“…However, functional evidence from mouse knockout models cannot be systematically applied to other mammals and thus the production of transgenic large animals would be necessary to assess gene function in vivo. Such animals have been produced for more than 20 years in different farm species (Melo et al 2007). However, the fact that true embryonic stem cells do not exist for farm animal species, the technical difficulty and cost of making null transgenics limits the possibility of gene knockouts at this time.…”

Section: Functional Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities and challenges in applying genomics to the study of oogenesis and folliculogenesis in farm animals

Bonnet¹,

Dalbiès-Tran²,

Sirard³

2008

Reproduction

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Ovarian oogenesis and folliculogenesis are complex and coordinated biological processes which require a series of events that induce morphological and functional changes within the follicle, leading to cell differentiation and oocyte development. In this context, the challenge of the researchers is to describe the dynamics of gene expression in the different compartments and their interactions during the follicular programme. In recent years, high-throughput arrays have become a powerful tool with which to compare the whole population of transcripts in a single experiment. Here, we review the challenges of applying genomics to this model in farm animal species. The first limitation lies in limited the availability of biological material, which makes the study of the follicle compartments (oocyte, granulosa cells and thecal cells) or early embryo much more difficult. The concept of observing all transcripts at once is very attractive but despite progress in sequencing, the genome annotation remains very incomplete in non-model species. Particularly, oogenesis and early embryo development relate to the high proportion of unknown expressed sequence tags. Then, it is important to consider post-transcriptional and translational regulation to understand the role of these genes. Ultimately, these new inferred insights will still have to be validated by functional approaches. In addition to in vitro or ex vivo functional approaches, both 'natural mutant' ewe models and RNA interference represent, at the moment, the best hope for functional genomics. Advances in our understanding of reproductive physiology should be facilitated by gene expression data exchange and translation into a better understanding of the underlying biological phenomena.

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“…GMOs are the principal source of genetically modified foods, and are thus widely used in scientific research and to produce goods other than food. The term GMO is having very much affinity towards technical legal term, 'living modified organism' defined in the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety, reflecting to regulate international trade in living GMOs, specifically, "any living organism, which possesses a innovative amalgamation of genetic material achieved through the usage of modern biotechnology" [4][5][6]. GMOs have been monitored to show widespread applications as they are employed in biological and medical research, production of pharmaceutical drugs, experimental medicine, and agriculture [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and Biochemical Significance of Genetically Modified Foods: An Overview

Mishra¹

2013

TONUTRAJ

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Biotechnological discoveries and inventions have been observed to improve food production qualitatively as well as quantitatively. In certain specific cases, the improvement in the quality and nutrition of foods by altering their composition were also monitored. However, the practice of biotechnology has also upraised concerns about its potential risks to the environment as well as human being. Genetic Engineering provides resources to host genes into plants via mechanisms, different in some respects from classical breeding. A number of genetically engineered variety of foods have been developed, which have become important nutraceuticals; most notably canola, cotton, maize and soybean, were developed employing this modern technology, and at present the traits introduced are herbicide and/or pest tolerance. Gene technology leads to increase the production in plants, as well as the elevation of resistance to pests, viruses, frost, etc. Gene transfer technology is employed to alter the physical and chemical composition with nutraceutical worth. The present review article is the compilation of various physiological and biochemical studies reflecting both positive and negative ecological concerns of genetically modified foods.

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Animal transgenesis: state of the art and applications

Cited by 72 publications

References 130 publications

Untitled

Untitled

Opportunities and challenges in applying genomics to the study of oogenesis and folliculogenesis in farm animals

Physiological and Biochemical Significance of Genetically Modified Foods: An Overview

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