Animal trampling effects on soil physical properties of two Southeastern U.S. ultisols

Tollner, E. W.; Calvert, G. V.; Langdale, G. W.

doi:10.1016/0167-8809(90)90145-4

Cited by 50 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Future work is needed to discover the scale factor (or anthropogenic dust due to trampling) relationships with unlimited natural variations in soil moisture and crust strength. It is well known that livestock trampling deteriorates soil physical parameters (infiltration rate, bulk density, water release curve) (Tollner et al, 1990;Greenwood and McKenzie, 2001) and destroys surface soil structure or crust (Zhang et al, 2006;Liu and Wang, 2014). Damage to soil physical properties is augmented when the soil is moist at the time of trampling (Warren et al, 1986).…”

Section: A Scale Factor Of Dust Emissions From Livestock Tramplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropogenic dust emissions due to livestock trampling in a Mongolian temperate grassland

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Mongolian grasslands are a natural dust source region and they contribute to anthropogenic dust due to the long tradition of raising livestock there. Past decades of abrupt changes in a nomadic society necessitate a study on the effects of livestock trampling on dust emissions, so that research studies may help maintain a sustainable ecosystem and well-conditioned atmospheric environment. In this study, we conducted a mini wind tunnel experiment (using a PI-SWERL ® device) to measure dust emissions fluxes from trampling (at three disturbance levels of livestock density, N) and zero trampling (natural as the background level) at test areas in a Mongolian temperate grassland. Moreover, we scaled anthropogenic dust emissions to natural dust emissions as a relative consequence of livestock trampling. We found a substantial increase in dust emissions due to livestock trampling. This effect of trampling on dust emissions was persistent throughout all wind friction velocities, u * (varying from 0.44 to 0.82 m s −1 ). Significantly higher dust loading occurs after a certain disturbance level has been reached by the livestock trampling. Our results suggest that both friction velocity (u * ) and disturbance level of livestock density (N) have an enormous combinational effect on dust emissions from the trampling test surface. This means that the effect of livestock trampling on dust emissions can be seen or revealed when wind is strong. Our results also emphasize that better management for livestock allocation coupled with strategies to prevent anthropogenic dust loads are needed. However, there are many uncertainties and assumptions to be improved on in this study.

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Section: A Scale Factor Of Dust Emissions From Livestock Tramplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropogenic dust emissions due to livestock trampling in a Mongolian temperate grassland

et al. 2017

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“…with cattle) 20 . There was also no difference in steady-state water infiltration between these two pasture systems, similar to our results under dry soil conditions.…”

Section: Dry Period In April 2006mentioning

confidence: 99%

Water infiltration and surface-soil structural properties as influenced by animal traffic in the Southern Piedmont USA

Franzluebbers

Stuedemann

Franklin

2011

Renew. Agric. Food Syst.

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Surface-soil structural condition in perennial pastures is expected to be modified by how forage is (a) harvested through haying or grazing and (b) stimulated through source of nutrients applied, as well as by compactive forces, e.g., grazing cattle or hay harvest machinery. Changes in surface-soil condition can affect hydrologic processes that have important implications for plant growth, greenhouse gas emissions and off-site water quality. We determined the effects of harvest management and nutrient source on the rate of ponded water infiltration and penetration resistance in a bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.]/tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum Schreb. S.J. Darbyshire) pasture on a Typic Kanhapludult in Georgia. During a period when soil was wet (61% water-filled pore space), the rate of water infiltration was 2.8 ± 1.5 times greater when forage was left unharvested as when hayed or grazed (mean ± standard deviation among nine nutrient source × harvest management comparisons). During a subsequent period, when soil was dry (28% water-filled pore space), the rate of water infiltration followed the same treatment pattern, but was not statistically different among harvest-management practices (1.5 ± 0.4 times greater between unharvested and other systems). Penetration resistance of the surface at 10 cm depth followed the order: unharvested (62 J) < hayed (100 J) < low grazing pressure (119 J) < high grazing pressure (137 J). Water infiltration during the wet period was negatively related (P ⩽ 0.01) to soil-water content (r = − 0.57), penetration resistance at 0–10 cm depth (r = − 0.50) and bulk density at 3–6 cm depth (r = − 0.53), but was positively related to surface residue C (r = 0.47) and soil organic C concentration at 12–20 cm depth (r = 0.42). These results suggest that complex soil physical (i.e., aggregation, penetration resistance and infiltration) and biological (i.e., plant growth, surface residues and soil organic matter) interactions occur in pastures. We conclude that well-managed grazing systems with excellent ground cover should have adequate hydrologic condition to promote pasture productivity and limit environmental contamination from runoff. Further work is needed to understand the linkages between field- and watershed-scale hydrology in perennial pastures and their implications on water quality.

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“…In addition, several soil-management practices such as tillage, soil compaction (Staley et al 1990;Hansen et al 1993), irrigation, and drainage (Mosier et al 1986) affect the production and transport of N 2 O release by influencing the soil's physical conditions, i.e., aeration and soil water content. In grazed pastures, animal treading is an important cause of soil compaction (Tollner et al 1990). In New Zealand, in an all-grass wintering system, cattle are often hard-grazed on pasture throughout winter and early spring.…”

Section: Emission From Effluent and Slurry Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of emissions of methane, ammonia, and nitrous oxide from animal excreta deposition and farm effluent application in grazed pastures

Saggar

Bolan

Bhandral

et al. 2004

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

204

148

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In pastoral soils, NH 3 and N 2 O gases are generated from N originating from dung, urine, biologically fixed N 2 , and fertiliser. The amount of these gaseous emissions depends on complex interactions between soil properties, climatic factors, and agricultural practices. In this review paper, the animal-excretal inputs and farm-effluent applications to New Zealand pastures are quantified. Data from overseas and New Zealand studies on CH 4 , NH 3 , and N 2 O emissions from excretal deposition and animal effluents, and the factors affecting these emissions, are synthesised with an aim to improve the New Zealand estimates of emissions from these sources. The practical implications of these emissions are described in relation to environmental impacts and management strategies for reducing these emissions.Keywords ammonia; best management practices; effluent; grazed pasture; manure slurry; methane; nitrous oxide Abstract The agricultural sector in New Zealand is the major contributor to ammonia (NH 3 ), nitrous oxide (N 2 O), and methane (CH 4 ) emissions to the atmosphere. These gases cause environmental degradation through their effects on soil acidification, eutrophication, and stratospheric ozone depletion. With its strong agricultural base and relatively low level of heavy industrial activity, New Zealand is unique in having a greenhouse-gas-emissions inventory dominated by the agricultural trace gases, CH 4 and N 2 O, instead of carbon dioxide which dominates in most other countries. About 96% of this anthropogenic CH 4 is emitted by ruminant animals as a byproduct during the process of enteric fermentation. Methane is also produced by anaerobic fermentation of animal manure and many other organic substrates.

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Animal trampling effects on soil physical properties of two Southeastern U.S. ultisols

Cited by 50 publications

References 6 publications

Anthropogenic dust emissions due to livestock trampling in a Mongolian temperate grassland

Anthropogenic dust emissions due to livestock trampling in a Mongolian temperate grassland

Water infiltration and surface-soil structural properties as influenced by animal traffic in the Southern Piedmont USA

A review of emissions of methane, ammonia, and nitrous oxide from animal excreta deposition and farm effluent application in grazed pastures

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