Animal source foods for the alleviation of double burden of malnutrition in countries undergoing nutrition transition

Dasi, Teena; Selvaraj, K. N.; Pullakhandam, Raghu; Kulkarni, Bharati

doi:10.1093/af/vfz031

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…It should be noted that high animal protein intake is not generally recommended from both nutrition and environmental points of view [ 25 , 26 ] and there is evidence for association between animal protein intake and all-cause as well as specific (notably general adiposity and cardiovascular disease) mortality [ 26 – 29 ]. Nevertheless, decreased or deletion of animal source proteins due to reduced access of the households together with consequent increased consumption of cereals, notably rice and bread, may bring about adverse health effects including obesity with its comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease, with concomitant micronutrient deficiencies, the so-called double burden of malnutrition [ 30 , 31 ]. High occurrence of micronutrient deficiencies and related disorders including stunting in under 5 children has been partly attributed to insufficient or lack of animal source proteins in diet [ 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 epidemic lockdown-induced changes of cereals and animal protein foods consumption of Iran population: the first nationwide survey

Nikooyeh

Rostom

Amini

et al. 2022

J Health Popul Nutr

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Background The COVID-19 epidemic has affected diverse issues of life including economy, health and nutrition. This nationwide study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the epidemic lockdown-induced socio-economic changes on animal source proteins and cereals intakes of Iran population for the first time. Methods This was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study using a web-based electronic self-administered questionnaire. A questionnaire was designed with the aim of detecting any changes in the dietary pattern of the Iranian household following coronavirus epidemic. Results A total of 21,290 households participated in the study. Approximately 33%, 24%, 14.2% and 7% of the households had decreased the weekly consumption of red meat, white meat, eggs and rice/bread, respectively, following COVID-19 epidemic. The results of ordered logistic regression showed that the female-headed households, as compared with male-headed ones, were 30% more likely to decrease their weekly consumption of white meat (OR = 1.3, 95% CI: 1.1–1.5). About 8.6% of the households had reduced all three major dietary sources of animal protein. Close to half of the households (46.9%) who decreased their intake of the animal protein sources had increased their intake of rice or bread, too. The major reasons for these changes were decrease of income and job loss. Conclusion In conclusion, animal protein food consumption decreased during epidemic lockdown but the amounts of rice and bread, as the major sources of dietary energy, have increased. These changes, if persist long enough, can seriously affect micronutrient status of the whole population. Early nutritional interventions for needy families are warranted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 epidemic lockdown-induced changes of cereals and animal protein foods consumption of Iran population: the first nationwide survey

Nikooyeh

Rostom

Amini

et al. 2022

J Health Popul Nutr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Hence, there is the need for high-quality studies that seeks to investigate the suitability of animal-based foods during complementary feeding on the growth, macro-and micronutrient status of children from high-income countries and resource-rich environment who may not have access to supplementation, fortified foods and/or drinks as well as well-planned vegan diet diets due to an increasing prevalence of the practice of vegetarian diets among caregivers (18)(19)(20)(21)(22) . Against this background, previous and recent literature have shown that infants and young children, especially those from LMICs, communities, populations and low-income households are at high risk of growth faltering, macro-and micronutrient deficiencies due to inadequate consumption of animal-based protein-rich foods (17,(23)(24)(25) .…”

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confidence: 99%

Animal-source foods as a suitable complementary food for improved physical growth in 6 to 24-month-old children in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

et al. 2022

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Although animal-source foods are suitable complementary food for child growth in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), their efficacy is still under discussion. This systematic review and meta-analysis was therefore done to investigate the suitability of animal-source foods intake on child physical growth in LMICs. A systematic literature search was done using electronic databases and scanning the reference list of included studies, previous meta-analysis, and systematic reviews. Paper selection was based on the PICO (ST) criteria. Papers were selected if based on 6 to 24-months-old children, if they were randomised controlled trials evaluating the effect of complementary animal-based food supplementation of any natural origin, if reporting at least a measure of body size and published after 2000. The PRISMA guidelines for reporting systematic review was followed in the paper selection. Fourteen papers were included in the systematic review and eight were considered for the meta-analysis. Animal-based food supplementation resulted in a higher length-for-age Z-score (LAZ) and weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ) compared to the control group, with random effect sizes estimates of 0.15 (95% CI = 0.02, 0.27) and 0.20 (95% CI = 0.03, 0.36). Results were confirmed after influence analyses, and publication bias resulted as negligible. We observed an increased effect on LAZ and WAZ when the food supplementation was based on egg (effect size = 0.31 (95% CI = −0.03, 0.64) and 0.36 (95% CI = −0.03, 0.75) for LAZ and WAZ, respectively). Animal-source foods are a suitable complementary food to improve growth in 6 to 24-month-old children in LMICs.

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“…When consumed in excess, however, ASFs have potentially negative effects on NCDs due to high levels of saturated fat, total energy, salt, and additives, particularly in processed red meat (Micha et al, 2010;Pan et al, 2011). ASFs are especially important for diet quality in LMICs where diets often have important nutritional gaps and ASFs are less accessible or affordable (Dasi et al, 2019;Grace et al, 2018;Nordhagen et al, 2020). LICs rely more on staple cereals and pulses than HICs, and less on nutrient-dense foods (e.g.…”

Section: Challenges In Individual Food Choices For Healthy Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reverse thinking: taking a healthy diet perspective towards food systems transformations

et al. 2021

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Food systems that deliver healthy diets without exceeding the planet’s resources are essential to achieve the worlds’ ambitious development goals. Healthy diets need to be safe, accessible, and affordable for all, including for disadvantaged and nutritionally vulnerable groups such as of smallholder producers, traders, and consumers in low- and middle-income countries. Globally, food systems are experiencing rapid and drastic changes and are failing to fulfil these multiple duties simultaneously. The international community therefore calls for rigorous food systems transformations and policy solutions to support the achievement of healthy diets for all. Most strategies, however, are essentially supply- and market-oriented. Incorporation of a healthy diet perspective in food system transformation is essential to enable food systems to deliver not only on supplying nutritious foods but also on ensuring that consumers have access can afford and desire healthy, sustainable, and culturally acceptable diets. This paper argues that this should be guided by information on diets, dietary trends, consumer motives, and food environment characteristics. Transformational approaches and policies should also take into account the stage of food system development requiring different strategies to ensure healthier diets for consumers. We review current knowledge on drivers of consumer choices at the individual and food environment level with special emphasis on low- and middle income countries, discuss the converging and conflicting objectives that exist among multiple food-system actors, and argue that failure to strengthen synergies and resolve trade-offs may lead to missed opportunities and benefits, or negative unintended consequences in food system outcomes. The paper proposes a menu of promising consumer- and food-environment- oriented policy options to include in the food systems transformation agenda in order to shift LMIC consumer demand towards healthier diets in low- and middle income countries.

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Animal source foods for the alleviation of double burden of malnutrition in countries undergoing nutrition transition

Cited by 12 publications

References 38 publications

COVID-19 epidemic lockdown-induced changes of cereals and animal protein foods consumption of Iran population: the first nationwide survey

COVID-19 epidemic lockdown-induced changes of cereals and animal protein foods consumption of Iran population: the first nationwide survey

Animal-source foods as a suitable complementary food for improved physical growth in 6 to 24-month-old children in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Reverse thinking: taking a healthy diet perspective towards food systems transformations

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