Animal reservoirs of zoonotic Babesia species: A global systematic review and meta-analysis of their prevalence, distribution and species diversity

Karshima, Solomon Ngutor; Karshima, Magdalene Nguvan; Ahmed, Musa Isiyaka

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2021.109539

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Disease transmission occurs by bite of an infected tick, blood transfusion, or via the placenta. Babesiosis is confirmed on all continents with B. microti (rodents) found in North America, B. divergens (cattle) most commonly found in Europe, and some infections by B. duncani and B. venatorum [30]. The occurrence of babesiosis is related to tick distribution and competent vector species of ticks are Ixodes scapularis, I. ricinus, and I. persulcatus.…”

Section: Toxocariasis and Other Soil-transmitted Helminthiasesmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Babesia can be found also in tick species Dermacentor reticulatus, D. marginatus, D. silvarum, Haemaphysalis longicornis, H. punctata, H. concinna, H. leporispalustris, H. japonica, H. sulcata, Hyalomma marginatum, Amblyomma variegatum, Argas (Carios) vespertilionis, Rhipicephalus simus, R. turanicus, R. bursa, R. microplus, and R. sanguineus. Global annual prevalence is 12.45%; largest in North America (27.81%), Europe (9.88%), Asia (9.30%) and Africa (8.55%) [30]. Human infection is mostly asymptomatic, sometimes with fever, headache, lethargy, loss of appetite, nausea, and dyspnea.…”

Section: Toxocariasis and Other Soil-transmitted Helminthiasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zoonotic Parasites and Vector-Borne Parasitoses

Omeragić¹,

Šerić–Haračić²,

Kapo³

2022

Zoonosis of Public Health Interest

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Zoonotic parasites and vector-borne zoonotic parasitoses of humans, especially when affecting immunocompromised persons mobilize researchers’ interest and increase parasitological, environmental, and interdisciplinary investigations worldwide. Climate, environmental and anthropomorphic influences had affected the distribution, occurrence, and adaptability of parasites in humans and animals, the level of environmental contamination with parasites and their developing forms, and the surge of vector competency. Knowledge of parasite biology and evolution shows that hybridization phenomena and adaptations may cause genetic diversity, affecting parasite virulence, antiparasitic drug resistance, acclimatization to new host species, and environmental conditions previously not recorded while leading to the emergence of new diseases and changing parasitism epidemiology. Many parasitic infections are emerging or re-emerging and are neglected with deliberating consequences for public and animal health as well as for food safety and security, especially in sub capacitated developing countries. Decrease of exposure of both animals and humans and negative consequences of zoonotic parasitoses requires raising awareness of researchers, policymakers, and the wider public. Modern diagnostic methods, surveillance, monitoring of parasitoses, and early detection systems followed by tailored containment and control actions provide grounds for sane assessments and investigation toward the cost-effective and efficient prevention programs for both human and animal populations.

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Section: Toxocariasis and Other Soil-transmitted Helminthiasesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Toxocariasis and Other Soil-transmitted Helminthiasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zoonotic Parasites and Vector-Borne Parasitoses

Omeragić¹,

Šerić–Haračić²,

Kapo³

2022

Zoonosis of Public Health Interest

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“…Human babesiosis is an emergent worldwide zoonosis caused by several Babesia spp., including the s.s. B. divergens and the s.l. B. microti, the latter of which is the predominant agent in the Northeastern and Midwest regions of the US [4,5]. As for other piroplasmids, the life cycle of B. microti is dixenic, involving an invertebrate definitive host and a vertebrate host.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Babesia microti Immunoreactive Rhoptry-Associated Protein-1 Paralogs Are Ancestral Members of the Piroplasmid-Confined RAP-1 Family

et al. 2021

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Babesia, Cytauxzoon and Theileria are tick-borne apicomplexan parasites of the order Piroplasmida, responsible for diseases in humans and animals. Members of the piroplasmid rhoptry-associated protein-1 (pRAP-1) family have a signature cysteine-rich domain and are important for parasite development. We propose that the closely linked B. microti genes annotated as BMR1_03g00947 and BMR1_03g00960 encode two paralogue pRAP-1-like proteins named BmIPA48 and Bm960. The two genes are tandemly arranged head to tail, highly expressed in blood stage parasites, syntenic to rap-1 genes of other piroplasmids, and share large portions of an almost identical ~225 bp sequence located in their 5′ putative regulatory regions. BmIPA48 and Bm960 proteins contain a N-terminal signal peptide, share very low sequence identity (<13%) with pRAP-1 from other species, and harbor one or more transmembrane domains. Diversification of the piroplasmid-confined prap-1 family is characterized by amplification of genes, protein domains, and a high sequence polymorphism. This suggests a functional involvement of pRAP-1 at the parasite-host interface, possibly in parasite adhesion, attachment, and/or evasion of the host immune defenses. Both BmIPA48 and Bm960 are recognized by antibodies in sera from humans infected with B. microti and might be promising candidates for developing novel serodiagnosis and vaccines.

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“…The role of migratory birds in spreading ticks across the Europe has recently been reviewed by Buczek et al [3]. Birds not migrating and/or migrating are carriers of several ticks along with several tick pathogens and would play a role in spreading such agents [3,77]. Transport of tick-borne pathogens from one endemic area to another could have an impact, although the pathogens already occur there, by spreading new strains to new areas, too [78].…”

Section: Carriage Of Zoonotic Babesia Infected Ticksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Role of Avian Populations in the Epidemiology of Rickettsia spp. and Babesia spp.

Ebani

Mancianti

2021

Veterinary Sciences

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Birds often are carriers of hard and/or soft ticks harboring pathogens of humans and veterinary concern. Migratory avian species, which cover long distance by their flight, may deeply influence the ticks’ distribution worldwide; in particular, they can introduce in a given geographic area new tick species and related tick-borne pathogens. Studies about the detection of tick-borne agents in birds are not numerous, whereas more attention has been turned to the presence of these microorganisms in ticks carried by birds. The present review focused on the role of avian populations in the epidemiology of rickettsioses and babesioses, which represent two severe problems for the health of humans and other mammals.

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Animal reservoirs of zoonotic Babesia species: A global systematic review and meta-analysis of their prevalence, distribution and species diversity

Cited by 13 publications

References 97 publications

Zoonotic Parasites and Vector-Borne Parasitoses

Zoonotic Parasites and Vector-Borne Parasitoses

Babesia microti Immunoreactive Rhoptry-Associated Protein-1 Paralogs Are Ancestral Members of the Piroplasmid-Confined RAP-1 Family

Potential Role of Avian Populations in the Epidemiology of Rickettsia spp. and Babesia spp.

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