Animal poisoning in Europe. Part 3: Wildlife

Guitart, Raimón; Sachana, Magda; Caloni, F.; Croubels, Siska; Vandenbroucke, Virginie; Berny, Philippe

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2009.03.033

Cited by 125 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Historically most wolf populations that were reduced or eliminated in North America and Eurasia were controlled mainly by systematic and intensive poisoning by government agencies (Young and Goldman, 1944).Poison is still used in at least one area of Canada to control wolf numbers (Hervieux et al, 2014;Parr and Genovali, 2015) and is also legal in parts of Europe (Guitart et al, 2010) and used illegally to kill wolves elsewhere there (Berglund, 2016).However, in the U.S. most types of poisoning are illegal.Thus there is no impediment there to wolf recolonization now that reservoirs of wolves are established from which dispersers can colonize new areas.The rapid recolonization of the Upper Midwest, the northern Rocky Mountains and northwestern U.S. are cases in point.…”

Section: Wolf Population Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Where can wolves live and how can we live with them?

Mech

2017

Biological Conservation

100

117

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Section: Wolf Population Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Where can wolves live and how can we live with them?

Mech

2017

Biological Conservation

100

117

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“…For example, in the light of the effects of imidacloprid on the reproduction of game birds observed in laboratory conditions (Gibbons et al, 2015;Lopez-Antia et al, 2013), exposure of birds to this insecticide should be estimated in the field, at least through coated seeds in autumn and spring. It would be also interesting to monitor the reproduction of surviving birds (Bro et al, 2010;Goulson, 2013;Guitart et al, 2010). 4) The method deals with ASs that are applied in fields.…”

Section: Field Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of potential exposure of gray partridge (Perdix perdix) to pesticide active substances in farmlands

Bro¹,

Millot²,

Decors³

et al. 2015

Science of The Total Environment

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Estimating exposure of wild birds to plant protection products is of key importance in the risk assessment process evaluating their harmful potential. In this paper, we propose an ecologically-relevant methodology to estimate potential exposure to active substances (ASs) of a farmland focal bird, the gray partridge Perdix perdix. It is based on bird habitat use of fields at the time of pesticide applications. It accounts for spatio-temporal heterogeneity at population and landscape scales. We identify and quantify the potential exposure to 179 ASs of 140 clutches during pre-laying, laying, and incubation phases, and of 75 coveys. The data come from a large scale field study combining radiotelemetry and a farmer survey. They were collected in 12 different representative sites. The proportion of clutches potentially exposed to a given chemical was ≥5% for 32 ASs; prothioconazole and epoxiconazole ranking first. 71% of clutches were potentially exposed to ≥1 AS and 67% to ≥2 ASs. Mixtures involved 2 to 22 ASs. They emerged from commercial formulations, tank mixtures, bird habitat use, and combinations. ASs were fungicides (53%), herbicides (25%), and insecticides (16%) used on a variety of crops in April-June, when ground-nesting birds are breeding. The European Food Safety Authority conclusions report a long-term first-tier toxicity-to-exposure ratio (TERlt) <5 for 11 out of 19 documented ASs, and higher-tier TERlt <5 for 5 out of 10 ASs. This suggests a potential risk for bird reproduction in farmlands. Globally 13% of coveys were potentially exposed to 18 ASs during the first month (1-4 coveys per AS). The use of our field data in future research and risk assessment is discussed.

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“…Human exposure is fairly limited, thanks to the use of bittering agents and the vast majority of AVK exposure in humans result in no clinical signs. Only suicidal attempts may result in severe poisoning cases, but, generally speaking, AVK exposure in humans does not result in prolonged surveillance of patients (Caravatti et al, 2007) The high frequency of rodenticide primary poisoning in companion animals is fairly widespread across Europe and the US (Roben et al, 1998, Guitart et al, 2010a, Guitart et al, 2010b. Most cases involve dogs, although cats may sometimes be affected as well (Kohn et al, 2003).…”

Section: Primary Toxicity In Non-target Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%