Animal models of tumorigenic herpesviruses — an update

Dittmer, Dirk P.; Damania, Blossom; Sin, Sang-Hoon

doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2015.09.006

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Animal models of gammaherpesvirus pathogenesis are needed due to the strict tropism of EBV and KSHV. The phenotypes of transgenic mice expressing proteins from EBV and KSHV are quite informative regarding their oncogenic properties and their singular impacts on primary B cells in a host microenvironment [ 130 , 131 ]. For instance, latency proteins such as LMP1 and LMP2A of EBV, the vFLIP and the entire latency locus of KSHV, in addition to the lytic protein kinase ORF36 have been found to subvert normal B cell differentiation when expressed in a dysregulated manner outside of the context of infection [ 126 , 132 , 133 , 134 , 135 , 136 , 137 ].…”

Section: Germinal Center Processes That Shape B Cell Evolution Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dangerous Liaisons: Gammaherpesvirus Subversion of the Immunoglobulin Repertoire

Zelazowska

McBride

Krug

2020

Viruses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A common biologic property of the gammaherpesviruses Epstein–Barr Virus and Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus is their use of B lymphocytes as a reservoir of latency in healthy individuals that can undergo oncogenic transformation later in life. Gammaherpesviruses (GHVs) employ an impressive arsenal of proteins and non-coding RNAs to reprogram lymphocytes for proliferative expansion. Within lymphoid tissues, the germinal center (GC) reaction is a hub of B cell proliferation and death. The goal of a GC is to generate and then select for a pool of immunoglobulin (Ig) genes that will provide a protective humoral adaptive immune response. B cells infected with GHVs are detected in GCs and bear the hallmark signatures of the mutagenic processes of somatic hypermutation and isotype class switching of the Ig genes. However, data also supports extrafollicular B cells as a reservoir engaged by GHVs. Next-generation sequencing technologies provide unprecedented detail of the Ig sequence that informs the natural history of infection at the single cell level. Here, we review recent reports from human and murine GHV systems that identify striking differences in the immunoglobulin repertoire of infected B cells compared to their uninfected counterparts. Implications for virus biology, GHV-associated cancers, and host immune dysfunction will be discussed.

show abstract

Section: Germinal Center Processes That Shape B Cell Evolution Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dangerous Liaisons: Gammaherpesvirus Subversion of the Immunoglobulin Repertoire

Zelazowska

McBride

Krug

2020

Viruses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These studies have proven to be useful for the characterization of viral proteins and RNAs, especially in the context of lymphomagenesis. Several recent reviews published elsewhere had discussed these in vivo models in detail (Dittmer et al, 2015; Fujiwara et al, 2015; Ahmed and Baiocchi, 2016; Purushothaman et al, 2016; Munz, 2017; Fujiwara, 2018; Bravo Cruz and Damania, 2019).…”

Section: In Vivo Models To Study Ebv- and Kshv-induced Angiogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of Angiogenic Processes by the Human Gammaherpesviruses, Epstein–Barr Virus and Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus

Rivera-Soto

Damania

2019

Front. Microbiol.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Angiogenesis is the biological process by which new blood vessels are formed from pre-existing vessels. It is considered one of the classic hallmarks of cancer, as pathological angiogenesis provides oxygen and essential nutrients to growing tumors. Two of the seven known human oncoviruses, Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), belong to the Gammaherpesvirinae subfamily. Both viruses are associated with several malignancies including lymphomas, nasopharyngeal carcinomas, and Kaposi’s sarcoma. The viral genomes code for a plethora of viral factors, including proteins and non-coding RNAs, some of which have been shown to deregulate angiogenic pathways and promote tumor growth. In this review, we discuss the ability of both viruses to modulate the pro-angiogenic process.

show abstract

“…Dittmer et al . () highlight the importance of using multiple animal models to fully understand the biology of oncogenic herpesviruses. Not only can multiple animal models offer greater understanding of oncological causes and treatments, but closer examination and treatment of wildlife cancer epidemics using precision medicine approaches can provide lessons into the mechanisms of cancer development and indicate potential treatments for humans as well as wildlife.…”

Section: Comparative Analysis Of Cancer In Large Long‐lived Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the study of cancer in wild populations of long-lived species using precision medicine approaches is likely to provide novel insight into evolutionarily conserved oncogenic and tumour suppressor functions and holds great promise for identifying more effective anticancer treatments with improved translational potential from animals to humans. Dittmer et al (2015) highlight the importance of using multiple animal models to fully understand the biology of oncogenic herpesviruses. Not only can multiple animal models offer greater understanding of oncological causes and treatments, but closer examination and treatment of wildlife cancer epidemics using precision medicine approaches can provide lessons into the mechanisms of cancer development and indicate potential treatments for humans as well as wildlife.…”

Section: Comparative Analysis Of Cancer In Large Long-lived Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precision wildlife medicine: applications of the human‐centred precision medicine revolution to species conservation

Whilde

Martindale

Duffy

2016

Global Change Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The current species extinction crisis is being exacerbated by an increased rate of emergence of epizootic disease. Human-induced factors including habitat degradation, loss of biodiversity and wildlife population reductions resulting in reduced genetic variation are accelerating disease emergence. Novel, efficient and effective approaches are required to combat these epizootic events. Here, we present the case for the application of human precision medicine approaches to wildlife medicine in order to enhance species conservation efforts. We consider how the precision medicine revolution, coupled with the advances made in genomics, may provide a powerful and feasible approach to identifying and treating wildlife diseases in a targeted, effective and streamlined manner. A number of case studies of threatened species are presented which demonstrate the applicability of precision medicine to wildlife conservation, including sea turtles, amphibians and Tasmanian devils. These examples show how species conservation could be improved by using precision medicine techniques to determine novel treatments and management strategies for the specific medical conditions hampering efforts to restore population levels. Additionally, a precision medicine approach to wildlife health has in turn the potential to provide deeper insights into human health and the possibility of stemming and alleviating the impacts of zoonotic diseases. The integration of the currently emerging Precision Medicine Initiative with the concepts of EcoHealth (aiming for sustainable health of people, animals and ecosystems through transdisciplinary action research) and One Health (recognizing the intimate connection of humans, animal and ecosystem health and addressing a wide range of risks at the animal-human-ecosystem interface through a coordinated, collaborative, interdisciplinary approach) has great potential to deliver a deeper and broader interdisciplinary-based understanding of both wildlife and human diseases.

show abstract

Animal models of tumorigenic herpesviruses — an update

Cited by 13 publications

References 45 publications

Dangerous Liaisons: Gammaherpesvirus Subversion of the Immunoglobulin Repertoire

Dangerous Liaisons: Gammaherpesvirus Subversion of the Immunoglobulin Repertoire

Modulation of Angiogenic Processes by the Human Gammaherpesviruses, Epstein–Barr Virus and Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus

Precision wildlife medicine: applications of the human‐centred precision medicine revolution to species conservation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About