ANIMAL MODELS OF DISEASE: Classification and etiology of diabetes in dogs and cats

Nelson, Richard W.; Reusch, Claudia E

doi:10.1530/joe-14-0202

Cited by 137 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…For example, although the prevalence of type II diabetes in older dogs increases with age, it is still much lower than the current prevalence of type II diabetes in people, and the most common form of diabetes in dogs resembles type I diabetes in people (Nelson and Reusch 2014). Whether this reflects an underlying difference in physiological mechanisms of aging, or a difference in the interaction between age and other factors such as diet, remains to be determined.…”

Section: Making the Case For Canine Gerosciencementioning

confidence: 99%

The dog aging project: translational geroscience in companion animals

2016

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Studies of the basic biology of aging have identified several genetic and pharmacological interventions that appear to modulate the rate of aging in laboratory model organisms, but a barrier to further progress has been the challenge of moving beyond these laboratory discoveries to impact health and quality of life for people. The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, offers a unique opportunity for surmounting this barrier in the near future. In particular, companion dogs share our environment and play an important role in improving the quality of life for millions of people. Here we present a rationale for increasing the role of companion dogs as an animal model for both basic and clinical Geroscience and describe complementary approaches and ongoing projects aimed at achieving this goal.

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Section: Making the Case For Canine Gerosciencementioning

confidence: 99%

The dog aging project: translational geroscience in companion animals

2016

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“…The majority of cats with DM appear to have a disease bearing similarities to human type 2 DM, [8][9][10][11] resulting from β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance; type 1 DM (immune-mediated) is rare in cats. 12 in cats with DM, the β-cell dysfunction usually results in insulin deficiency and is likely to be caused by a number of factors including islet amyloid deposition, glucose toxicity and possibly damage from reactive oxygen species and/or inflammatory cytokines.…”

Section: Epidemiology Pathogenesis and Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

ISFM Consensus Guidelines on the Practical Management of Diabetes Mellitus in Cats

Sparkes

Cannon²,

Church

et al. 2015

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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107

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Practical relevance: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common endocrinopathy in cats that appears to be increasing in prevalence. The prognosis for affected cats can be good when the disease is well managed, but clinical management presents challenges, both for the veterinary team and for the owner. These ISFM Guidelines have been developed by an independent, international expert panel of clinicians and academics to provide practical advice on the management of routine (uncomplicated) diabetic cats. Clinical challenges: Although the diagnosis of diabetes is usually straightforward, optimal management can be challenging. Clinical goals should be to limit or eliminate clinical signs of the disease using a treatment regimen suitable for the owner, and to avoid insulin-induced hypoglycaemia or other complications. Optimising bodyweight, feeding an appropriate diet and using a longer acting insulin preparation (eg, protamine zinc insulin, insulin glargine or insulin detemir) are all factors that are likely to result in improved glycaemic control in the majority of cats. There is also some evidence that improved glycaemic control and reversal of glucose toxicity may promote the chances of diabetic remission. Owner considerations and owner involvement are an important aspect of management. Provided adequate support is given, and owners are able to take an active role in monitoring blood glucose concentrations in the home environment, glycaemic control may be improved. Monitoring of other parameters is also vitally important in assessing the response to insulin. Insulin adjustments should always be made cautiously and not too frequently -unless hypoglycaemia is encountered. Evidence base: The Panel has produced these Guidelines after careful review of the existing literature and of the quality of the published studies. They represent a consensus view on practical management of cats with DM based on available clinical data and experience. However, in many areas, substantial data are lacking and there is a need for better studies in the future to help inform and refine recommendations for the clinical management of this common disease.

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“…evidences, collectively suggests the mechanism of autoimmunity as the cause of canine diabetes, open to further research. In addition to the canine model, pigs exhibit much less sensitivity to Insulin [28], chickens need STZ injection in ovo, for successful diabetic induction [29] and various classifications of diabetes occurs in dogs and cats [30]. In short, these reports indicate the radical modes operandi differences among diabetic subjects across the species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Making of Pancreatic β Cells: Advances and Apprehensions

Radha¹,

Muniraj

Rasu³

2016

IJPPE

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Abstract. Diabetes is a dreadful disease, which in its acute stages, causes severe multiple organ failure. It is also one of the world's oldest diseases. Type 1 Diabetes is characterized by the absence of insulin and exogenous insulin dependency. Stem cell therapy is one of the promises of this era, as there are numerous studies on Rodents, Frogs, Zebra fish, Dog and Chick, elucidating the wide array of genes, transcription factors, signaling pathways and compounds, which could promote β cell neogenesis, regeneration, differentiation and trans-differentiation. Even though, a recent PubMed search on the keyword 'Pancreatic beta cell proliferation' revealed around 3000 reports, this review focuses on the trends attempted in recent years and infers certain critical aspects in the observations.

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ANIMAL MODELS OF DISEASE: Classification and etiology of diabetes in dogs and cats

Cited by 137 publications

References 58 publications

The dog aging project: translational geroscience in companion animals

The dog aging project: translational geroscience in companion animals

ISFM Consensus Guidelines on the Practical Management of Diabetes Mellitus in Cats

The Making of Pancreatic β Cells: Advances and Apprehensions

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