Animal models of chronic tympanic membrane perforation: A ‘time-out’ to review evidence and standardize design

Wang, Allen Y.; Shen, Yi; Wang, Jeffrey T.; Friedland, Peter; Atlas, Marcus D.; Dilley, Rodney J.

doi:10.1016/j.ijporl.2014.10.007

Cited by 36 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Our study was conducted by creating acute perforations and showed tympanic membrane and graft improvements. In their review, Wang et al [31] argued that there was a need to create chronic perforations in empirical studies related to the tympanic membrane. However, Gold et al [32] stated that when a resection is performed starting from the edges of the remaining membrane during the repair of chronic perforations, the healing process is similar to that of acute perforations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma on Fat Grafts in the Repair of Tympanic Membrane Perforations: An Experimental Study

et al. 2018

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma on Fat Grafts in the Repair of Tympanic Membrane Perforations: An Experimental Study

et al. 2018

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“…Numerous factors are considered to impede the spontaneous healing mechanism of acute TMP. In their review, Wang et al [4] classified the hypotheses into structural, histological, infectious, and growth-related mechanisms. In this context, the prevention of an acute TMP from becoming chronic is at least as important as trying to cure chronic TMPs to avoid the risks associated with general anesthesia, for cost effectiveness, and for limiting the time required for surgery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For cost effectiveness, avoiding the risks associated with general anesthesia, limiting the intra-operative time, and preventing the requirement of care and sick leaves after surgery, simpler therapeutic strategies are being investigated [2] . Various biomaterials and molecules are being studied for the evaluation of their unknown safety and efficacy profiles with respect to the healing process of tympanic membranes (TMs) and in animal models before clinical trials [1,4] . In the present study, we aimed to assess the efficacy of the application of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the healing process of acute TMPs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelet-Rich Plasma Application for Acute Tympanic Membrane Perforations

Özgürsoy

Tunçkaşık²,

Tunçkaşık³

et al. 2017

Int Adv Otol

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OBJECTIVE:To assess the efficacy of the application of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the healing process of acute tympanic membrane perforations (TMPs). MATERIALS and METHODS:Acute TMPs were made in both the ears of 12 New Zealand rabbits. Plasma gel was applied at the right tympanic membrane (TM) of the same animal until the perforations were closed. The left TM was left untreated. On days 1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 21, 28, and 35, the TMs were monitored to check the closure of perforations. The days of perforation closure for the 2 groups were compared using the paired t-test. The animals were sacrificed 2 months after making the perforations. Seven histopathological parameters were reviewed by 2 blinded pathologists: acute inflammation, chronic inflammation, edema in the lamina propria, congestion in the lamina propria, sclerosis, fibroblastic reaction, and an increase in the thickness of the squamous epithelial layer. The presence or absence of each histological parameter in both groups was compared using the Pearson Chi-square test. RESULTS:The average number of days for closure in the plasma gel group was 12 (range 8-18 days) and that in the control group was 17.7 (range 8-31 days). The difference was statistically significant (p=0.0145). There was no sclerosis or fibroblastic reaction in any of the specimens. No statistically significant difference was seen between the 2 groups with respect to acute inflammation, chronic inflammation, edema in the lamina propria, congestion in the lamina propria, and an increase in thickness of the squamous epithelial layer (p>0.05). CONCLUSION:Platelet-rich plasma fastens TMP closure; in long term, the eventual outcome is both microscopically and macroscopically same for the control as well as study groups in a rabbit traumatic TMP model. We believe that this study will encourage the clinical use of PRP for acute TMPs and trigger clinical studies in this field.

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“…In a review on models of chronic tympanic membrane perforation, Wang et al [31] emphasized that these models are more appropriate than models of acute tympanic membrane models in the assessment of novel treatment modalities and their effectiveness but that these methods should be standardized. In our study, our primary goal was to reveal whether HP is as effective in other wound models, although the model used in our study was a model of acute tympanic membrane perforation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An increase in fibroblasts leads to closure of the perforation by accelerating epithelization through bridges resulting from the increased collagen synthesis [28] . In the Hypericum group, increased leukocyte and fibroblasts can contribute to an acceleration of wound healing through the above-mentioned pathways.In a review on models of chronic tympanic membrane perforation, Wang et al [31] emphasized that these models are more appropriate than models of acute tympanic membrane models in the assessment of novel treatment modalities and their effectiveness but that these methods should be standardized. In our study, our primary goal was to reveal whether HP is as effective in other wound models, although the model used in our study was a model of acute tympanic membrane perforation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Curative Role of Hypericum Perforatum in an Experimental Rat Model of Tympanic Membrane Perforation

Yaşar¹,

Kaya²,

Karaman³

et al. 2016

Int Adv Otol

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OBJECTIVE:Our aim was to investigate the curative role of topical Hypericum perforatum (HP) in a rat model of tympanic membrane perforation in a histopathological manner. MATERIALS AND METHODS:This study was conducted on 30 female Sprague-Dawley rats. An HP extract was prepared as a suspension in pure olive oil. In all rats, the right and left tympanic membranes were perforated by a fine puncture under a microscope. Rats were randomly assigned to three groups. The HP extract was given as drops on a daily basis in Group 1, while olive oil alone was given on a daily basis in Group 2. In Group 3, the rats were allowed spontaneous recovery without any intervention. Three rats from each group were sacrificed on days 7, 14, and 21. Temporal bullae were removed for histopathological examination to evaluate fibroblast proliferation, leukocyte infiltration, neovascularization, and subepithelial thickness and to compare these among the groups. RESULTS:In histopathological examination of the rats from each group on days 7, 14, and 21, there were significant differences in leukocyte infiltration, fibroblast proliferation, and subepithelial thickness. No significant difference was observed in neovascularization among the groups. CONCLUSION:Compared with the spontaneous recovery group, HP was found to be more effective in a wound-healing model of the tympanic membrane. HP may be applied in clinical practice if it is shown to be safe with regard to ototoxicity. comfortable and practical treatment protocol. In attempts to find a way for a better solution of this problem, experimental wound models on the tympanic membrane of rats have been applied and the results published. Previous studies have revealed the positive and negative effects of various agents on the healing of tympanic membranes, including hyaluronic acid, epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, and platelet-rich plasma [10][11][12][13] . KEYWORDS:To the best of our knowledge, there are no data showing that HP has been used for healing tympanic membranes.Therefore, we aimed to assess the effect of HP olive oil extract on the wound-healing process in experimentally perforated tympanic membranes of rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS AnimalsThis study was conducted on 30 female Sprague-Dawley rats aged ≥6 weeks, weighing 200-300 g. The rats were fed with standard rat pellet and tap water ad libitum. Rats were housed in separate cages (five rats per cage) under standard conditions at a temperature of 21°C and maintaining a 12-hour dark-light cycle. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee on Animal Experiment and Research (2013-13/ 112). Experimental ProcedureHypericum perforatum was harvested from rural areas of Adana Province in July and then dried. In the laboratory, 50 g of dry HP was weighed. The weighed HP was immersed in 500 cc of olive oil in glass jars and left in the sunshine over 4 weeks until the occurrence of a red coloration. There is also a traditional recipe for this: "the content of the jar should be exposed ...

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Animal models of chronic tympanic membrane perforation: A ‘time-out’ to review evidence and standardize design

Cited by 36 publications

References 66 publications

Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma on Fat Grafts in the Repair of Tympanic Membrane Perforations: An Experimental Study

Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma on Fat Grafts in the Repair of Tympanic Membrane Perforations: An Experimental Study

Platelet-Rich Plasma Application for Acute Tympanic Membrane Perforations

Potential Curative Role of Hypericum Perforatum in an Experimental Rat Model of Tympanic Membrane Perforation

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