Animal models of atherosclerosis

Lee, Yee Ting; Laxton, Victoria; Lin, Hiu Yu; Chan, Yawen; Fitzgerald‐Smith, Sophia; To, Tsz Ling Olivia; Yan, Bryan P.; Liu, Tong; Tse, Gary

doi:10.3892/br.2017.843

Cited by 39 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…The poor reputation of dietary cholesterol traces back to its supposed promoting role in the development of atherosclerosis [ 1 ]. However, the impact of dietary cholesterol on atherosclerosis has apparently been largely overestimated [ 2 , 3 ] and more recent recommendations for cardio-protective diets do not include the previously suggested radical reduction of cholesterol intake [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soybean Oil-Derived Poly-Unsaturated Fatty Acids Enhance Liver Damage in NAFLD Induced by Dietary Cholesterol

et al. 2018

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While the impact of dietary cholesterol on the progression of atherosclerosis has probably been overestimated, increasing evidence suggests that dietary cholesterol might favor the transition from blunt steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), especially in combination with high fat diets. It is poorly understood how cholesterol alone or in combination with other dietary lipid components contributes to the development of lipotoxicity. The current study demonstrated that liver damage caused by dietary cholesterol in mice was strongly enhanced by a high fat diet containing soybean oil-derived ω6-poly-unsaturated fatty acids (ω6-PUFA), but not by a lard-based high fat diet containing mainly saturated fatty acids. In contrast to the lard-based diet the soybean oil-based diet augmented cholesterol accumulation in hepatocytes, presumably by impairing cholesterol-eliminating pathways. The soybean oil-based diet enhanced cholesterol-induced mitochondrial damage and amplified the ensuing oxidative stress, probably by peroxidation of poly-unsaturated fatty acids. This resulted in hepatocyte death, recruitment of inflammatory cells, and fibrosis, and caused a transition from steatosis to NASH, doubling the NASH activity score. Thus, the recommendation to reduce cholesterol intake, in particular in diets rich in ω6-PUFA, although not necessary to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis, might be sensible for patients suffering from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soybean Oil-Derived Poly-Unsaturated Fatty Acids Enhance Liver Damage in NAFLD Induced by Dietary Cholesterol

et al. 2018

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“…Animal models are useful system for studying the mechanisms underlying atherosclerosis [19, 20]. Our study and previous animal studies [16, 18] have shown that RBA or thermal treatment can reduce the plaque size, which is a key step in restenosis following balloon angioplasty.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Mechanisms of Intravascular Linear Ablation Induced Restenosis in Rabbit Abdominal Aorta

Chen

Wang

Shao

et al. 2018

BioMed Research International

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Objectives Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the mainstay treatment for coronary artery disease but complications such as in-stent restenosis and thrombosis remain problematic. Radiofrequency balloon angioplasty (RBA) can improve lumen dimension, fusing intimal tears, and artery dissection but is associated with higher restenosis rate. Methods After establishing an atherosclerosis model based on endothelial abrasion and high cholesterol diet, forty-five rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: RBA (n=20), percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) (n=20), and control groups (n=5). The RBA and PTA groups were subdivided according to harvested time posttreatment, respectively (1 hour, 7 days, 14 days, and 28 days). Aorta segments were then isolated for hematoxylin and eosin staining, Masson trichrome staining, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot for TLR-4, NF-κB, MCP-1, and VCAM-1expression. Results At 28 days, intimal area was significantly lower in the RBA group compared to the PTA and control groups, whilst luminal and medial area were comparable in the RBA and PTA group but higher and lower than the control group, respectively. Expression of TLR-4, NF-κB, MCP-1, and VCAM-1 showed no significant difference between RBA and PTA groups. Conclusions RBA can depress the intimal hyperplasia and promote dilatation of the artery to greater extents than PTA at 28 days. However, this did not involve TLR-4 signaling pathway, which likely plays a negligible role in mediating restenosis. Reduction of intimal hyperplasia may be due to injury of ablation to the tunica media and inhibition of VSMC proliferation and migration.

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“…Since most of the smooth muscle cells that create fibrous cap migrate from the media part of the tissue (Lee et al., 2017), the porosity of the fibrous cap is considered the same as the porosity of media. First, the cluster of 5000 ferroparticles with a diameter range of 100 nm to 2000 nm are released with a uniform initial distribution into the artery in the first time step and their behavior in the presence and absence of the external magnetic field is examined.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inflammation of artery intima results from increased concentration of phospholipids and cholesterol, proliferation of smooth muscle cells, and low-density lipoprotein (Anogeianaki et al., 2011; Bose & Banerjee, 2015; Bozsak et al., 2014; Mirza et al., 2017; Priyadharshini & Ponalagusamy, 2018; Soleimani et al., 2018). The smooth muscle cells contribute to fibrous cap formation and protect the core of inflammation (Lee et al., 2017). The primary consequence of artery inflammation is plaque rupture due to low resistance of the plaques to hemodynamic blood pressure and shear stress (Li et al., 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delivery of magnetic micro/nanoparticles and magnetic-based drug/cargo into arterial flow for targeted therapy

et al. 2018

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Magnetic drug targeting (MDT) and magnetic-based drug/cargo delivery are emerging treatment methods which attracting the attention of many researchers for curing different cancers and artery diseases such as atherosclerosis. Herein, computational studies are accomplished by utilizing magnetic approaches for cancer and artery atherosclerosis drug delivery, including nanomagnetic drug delivery and magnetic-based drug/cargo delivery. For the first time, the four-layer structural model of the artery tissue and its porosity parameters are modeled in this study which enables the interaction of particles with the tissue walls in blood flow. The effects of parameters, including magnetic field strength (MFS), magnet size, particle size, the initial position of particles, and the relative magnetic permeability of particles, on the efficacy of MDT through the artery walls are characterized. The magnetic particle penetration into artery layers and fibrous cap (the covering layer over the inflamed part of the artery) is further simulated. The MDT in healthy and diseased arteries demonstrates that some of the particles stuck in these tissues due to the collision of particles or blood flow deviation in the vicinity of the inflamed part of the artery. Therefore the geometry of artery and porosity of its layers should be considered to show the real interaction of particles with the artery walls. Also, the results show that increasing the particles/drug/cargo size and MFS leads to more particles/drug/cargo retention within the tissue. The present work provides insights into the decisive factors in arterial MDT with an obvious impact on locoregional cancer treatment, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine.

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Animal models of atherosclerosis

Cited by 39 publications

References 101 publications

Soybean Oil-Derived Poly-Unsaturated Fatty Acids Enhance Liver Damage in NAFLD Induced by Dietary Cholesterol

Soybean Oil-Derived Poly-Unsaturated Fatty Acids Enhance Liver Damage in NAFLD Induced by Dietary Cholesterol

Mechanisms of Intravascular Linear Ablation Induced Restenosis in Rabbit Abdominal Aorta

Delivery of magnetic micro/nanoparticles and magnetic-based drug/cargo into arterial flow for targeted therapy

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