Animal Models for Tropical Parasitic Diseases

Farah, Idle O.; Ngotho, Maina; Kariuki, Thomas; Jeneby, Maamun; Irura, Lawrence; Maina, Naomi; Kagira, John; Gicheru, Michael M.; Hau, Jann

doi:10.1201/9781420039627.ch9

Cited by 10 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 275 publications

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“…A variation in pathogenicity of T.b. rhodesiense in human patients and animal models has been observed in other studies and is related to the relative innate immunity of different hosts [7,8]. The present study illustrates the complex haematological changes associated with trypanosomosis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…The vervet (Chlorocebus aethiops) model of sleeping sickness provides a good opportunity to understand the pathogenesis of human infective T.b. rhodesiense on an animal species that is phylogenetically close to humans [7]. This model has been used to describe the various aspects of the disease, but only scanty information on haematology is available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Haematology of experimental <i>Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense</i> infection in vervet monkeys

Kagira¹,

Thuita²,

Ngotho³

et al. 2008

African Journal of Health Sciences

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haematology of experimental <i>Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense</i> infection in vervet monkeys

Kagira¹,

Thuita²,

Ngotho³

et al. 2008

African Journal of Health Sciences

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“…Mouse modeling has also been used for describing the implications of Th1 versus Th2, since both molecular and cellular immunology studies were facilitated by the availability of immunologic tools as well as the production of transgenic and knockout mice (Farah et al 2005). In murine models of schistosomiasis, schistosome eggs and eggderived antigens are potent and independent inducers of type 2 T-cell responses Pearce et al 1991).…”

Section: Use Of Murine Hosts To Study Immunopathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the constraints that preclude long-term studies in mice is that the average lifespan of schistosomes is substantially longer than that of a mouse (Farah et al 2005). Fewer worms develop in male rodent hosts than in females when exposed to the same number of cercariae (Nakazawa et al 1997).…”

Section: Permissive Versus Nonpermissive Hostsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the relevance of immune responses of inbred mouse strains to humans is questionable and, hence, necessitates carrying out further studies in primate models (Farah et al 2005). Generally, in murine hosts, it was shown that Th1 responses are associated with protection, whereas Th2 are associated with immunopathology (Sher et al 1990).…”

Section: Use Of Murine Hosts To Study Immunopathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Murine schistosomiasis as a model for human schistosomiasis mansoni: similarities and discrepancies

Abdul‐Ghani

Hassan

2010

Parasitol Res

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Human schistosomiasis has been studied extensively since its discovery by Theodore Bilharz in 1851. Because of its medical importance as a chronic debilitating disease in the tropics and subtropics, continuing research efforts are still going on. The use of animal models still represents a major cornerstone in this field, with murine hosts, especially mice, as the most preferable experimental units. Murine schistosomiasis has been employed as a model for studying various aspects of human schistosomiasis, including biology, pathogenesis, immunology, chemotherapy screening, and vaccine development. However, there may be differences between murine and human schistosomiasis. The present article tries to explore some of these aspects that may help researchers in the field of schistosomiasis.

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Hematological changes in vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops) during eight months' adaptation to captivity

Kagira

Ngotho

Thuita

et al. 2007

American J Primatol

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This study investigated fluctuations in hematological values of 50 wild-caught vervet monkeys (African green monkeys, grivets, Chlorocebus aethiops) during habituation to captivity. The monkeys were categorized into four groups according to age and sex viz adult males, adult females, juvenile males, and juvenile females. The erythrocyte values were significantly higher (P<0.05) in the adult males than in the other animals. There was an increase in most of the erythrocyte parameters studied during the monitoring period with the most significant being hemoglobin, hematocrit, and mean corpuscular volume. However, the red cell distribution widths, which were higher in adult females, declined. The total white blood cell (WBC) counts, which were higher in adult females than in the other animals, were closely correlated with granulocytes counts. The WBC levels decreased in all the animals throughout the 8 months study, indicating gradually decreasing stress, but they were relatively stable in males. The platelet counts declined significantly (P<0.05) and at 8 months post capture the counts were higher in females than in males. The juvenile female platelet counts were relatively stable during the monitoring period. The maintenance of the monkeys on an improved stable diet and in environment-controlled housing combined with progressing psycho-physiological adaptation may be important factors for the gradual improvements of the hematological values recorded. There were wide variations in these between individual animals emphasizing the need for long adaptation combined with establishment of individual baseline values before experimental studies.

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Animal Models for Tropical Parasitic Diseases

Cited by 10 publications

References 275 publications

Haematology of experimental <i>Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense</i> infection in vervet monkeys

Haematology of experimental <i>Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense</i> infection in vervet monkeys

Murine schistosomiasis as a model for human schistosomiasis mansoni: similarities and discrepancies

Hematological changes in vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops) during eight months' adaptation to captivity

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